世界一流海洋港口指标体系构建及评价

张丛¹，常琳^1*，杨斌²，张永波¹，王言哲¹，李振¹，马哲²，孙肃徽³，王继业¹

1.山东省海洋科学研究院（青岛国家海洋科学研究中心），山东 青岛  266104；

2.山东港口科技集团有限公司，山东 青岛  266000；3.山东省港口集团有限公司，山东 青岛  266000

摘要：为推动我国港口高质量发展，建设世界一流海洋港口，培育发展海洋新质生产力和助推港口转型升级，调研分析港口各类评价指标体系，基于世界一流海洋港口内涵，以基础支撑、全球枢纽等6个一级指标和集装箱码头长度、最大吃水深度等26个二级指标，构建世界一流海洋港口的评价指标体系。选取全球20个具有代表性的海洋港口，采用层次分析-优劣解距离法（analytic hierarchy process-technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution, AHP-TOPSIS）进行实证分析及研究评价。评价结果表明：我国港口在基础支撑、全球枢纽、数智高效、绿色可持续4个一级指标表现优异，在4个一级指标评价中，我国8个代表性港口中均有6个进入排名前10位；国外代表性港口在航运服务、开放包容2个一级指标表现突出，在2个一级指标评价中，国外12个代表性港口中分别有8个、9个进入航运服务、开放包容2个一级指标评价排名前10位。我国在推进世界一流海洋港口建设中应大力发展航运服务产业，积极营造开放包容环境，持续以海洋新质生产力赋能港口转型升级。

关键词：世界一流海洋港口；海洋新质生产力；AHP-TOPSIS；实证分析

Construction and evaluation of world-class marine port index system

ZHANG Cong¹, CHANG Lin^1*, YANG Bin², ZHANG Yongbo¹, WANG Yanzhe¹, LI Zhen¹, MA Zhe², SUN Suhui³, WANG Jiye¹

1. Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province (National Oceanographic Center, Qingdao), Qingdao 266104, China;

2. Shandong Port Technology Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266000, China; 3. Shandong Port Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266000, China

Abstract: To promote high-quality development of China′s ports, build world-class marine ports, cultivate and develop new marine productivity, and boost port transformation and upgrading, research and analyze various port evaluation index systems, and based on the connotation of world-class marine ports, construct an evaluation index system for world-class marine ports with 6 primary indicators such as basic support and global hub, and 26 secondary indicators such as container terminal length and maximum draft depth. The analytic hierarchy process-technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(AHP-TOPSIS) method is used for the empirical analysis by selecting 20 representative marine ports globally. The evaluation results reveal that chinese ports perform excellently in 4 primary indicators: basic support, global hub, digital and intelligent efficiency, and green sustainability. In the evaluation of these 4 primary indicators, 6 out of the 8 representative Chinese ports are ranked in the top 10. Foreign representative ports excel in 2 primary indicators: shipping services and openness and inclusiveness. In the evaluation of these 2 primary indicators, 8 and 9 out of the 12 foreign representative ports are respectively ranked in the top 10. China should vigorously develop the shipping service industry, actively foster an open and inclusive environment, and continuously empower port transformation and upgrading with new marine productivity in its efforts to promote the construction of world-class marine ports.

Keywords: world-class marine port; new marine productivity; AHP-TOPSIS; empirical analysis