运行工况及轴承间隙对主轴承润滑参数的影响

王国强^1,2，纪少波^1*，李卫²，张珂¹，岳远航¹，潘驰¹

1.山东大学能源与动力工程学院，山东 济南  250061；2.潍柴动力股份有限公司，山东 潍坊  261061

摘要：为了研究不同因素对曲轴-主轴承润滑状态的影响规律，搭建发动机多体动力学模型，系统分析不同转速、润滑油温度及主轴承间隙下，主轴承所受载荷、最小油膜厚度、峰值油膜压力及轴心轨迹等主轴承润滑参数的变化规律。仿真结果表明：主轴承所受载荷及峰值油膜压力均随转速、主轴承间隙增大而增大，随润滑油温度升高而减小；最小油膜厚度随润滑油温度、主轴承间隙增大而减小，随转速变化规律不明显；当主轴承间隙增加时，曲轴的轴心轨迹范围增大，导致发动机的运行可靠性降低。

关键词：多体动力学分析；曲轴-主轴承；润滑参数；数值分析

Effect of operating conditions and bearing clearance on lubrication parameters of main bearing

WANG Guoqiang^1,2, JI Shaobo^1*, LI Wei², ZHANG Ke¹, YUE Yuanhang¹, PAN Chi¹

1. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China;

2. Weichai Power Co., Ltd., Weifang 261061, China

Abstract: To investigate the influence of different factors on the lubrication status of the crankshaft and main bearing. A multi-body dynamics model is established to study the change trend of main bearing load, minimum oil film thickness, peak oil film pressure and center trajectory of bearing under different engine speed, oil temperature and main bearing clearance. The results show that the main bearing load and peak oil film pressure both increase with the increasing of engine speed and main bearing clearance, and decrease with the increasing of oil temperature. The minimum oil film thickness increases with the oil temperature and main bearing clearance. The change trend of minimum oil film thickness is not clear with the increasing of engine speed. With the increasing main bearing clearance, center trajectory of bearing is increased, which can reduce the reliability of the engine.

Keywords: multi-body dynamics analysis; crankshaft and main bearing; lubrication parameter; numerical analysis