柴油机起动性能及烟度优化的试验研究

陈月春^1,2，吴心波^1,2，曾笑笑^1,2，马文娟^1,2，李素婷³

1.内燃机可靠性国家重点实验室，山东 潍坊  261061；2.潍柴动力股份有限公司，山东 潍坊  261061；

3.潍柴动力空气净化科技有限公司，山东 潍坊  261061

摘要：为改善柴油机起动性能并降低起动过程的烟度，以某款国六轻型柴油机为研究对象，采用车载483烟度计实时测量起动过程烟度，开展起动转矩、轨压、主喷角度、起动过程开关废气再循环（exhaust gas recirculation，EGR）阀对柴油机起动性能和烟度影响的试验研究。试验结果表明：增大起动转矩能明显改善柴油机起动性能，轨压、主喷角度、起动过程开关EGR阀对起动性能影响不大；适当增大起动转矩、增大轨压、减小主喷角度、关闭EGR阀均能降低柴油机起动烟度。

关键词：柴油机；起动性能；烟度

Experimental study on optimization of starting performance and smoke for diesel engine

CHEN Yuechun^1,2, WU Xinbo^1,2, ZENG Xiaoxiao^1,2, MA Wenjuan^1,2, LI Suting³

1. State Key Laboratory of Engine Reliability, Weifang 261061, China; 2. Weichai Power Co., Ltd., Weifang 261061, China;

3.Weichai Power Emission Solutions Technology Co., Ltd., Weifang 261061，China

Abstract：In order to improve the starting performance of diesel engines and reduce smoke level during the starting process, a CHINA 6 light diesel engine is taken as the study object. A real-time smoke emissions are measured by an onboard 483 smoke meter. Experimental study is conducted on the effects of starting torque, rail pressure, main injection angle, and exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) on the starting performance and smoke emissions. The experimental results show that increasing the starting torque can significantly improve the starting performance of diesel engines, while rail pressure, main injection angle, and the opening and closing of the EGR valve during the starting process have little effect on the starting performance. Starting torque, rail pressure, and opening and closing the EGR valve have a direct impact on the transient maximum smoke level during the starting process. Increasing the starting torque, increasing rail pressure, reducing the main injection angle, and closing the EGR valve can all reduce the starting smoke level of diesel engines.

Keywords:diesel engine; starting performance; smoke intensity