察尔汗盐湖地区盐渍土工程地质特征及地基处理
代红娟1，付玉涛2*
1.山东公路技师学院，山东济南250104；
2.山东省第一地质矿产勘查院，山东济南250102
摘要：为减小盐渍土对地基的溶陷性、盐胀性、腐蚀性等危害，通过调查、钻探、原位测试、室内试验等方式研究、分析、评价察尔汗盐湖地区盐渍土物理力学性质。以察尔汗-格尔木高速（简称察格高速）地基处理为例，对盐渍土地基处理方法及地基处理新工艺进行比较分析，并采用载荷试验、标准贯入试验、动力触探试验检测察格高速地基处理段的地基承载力。结果表明：盐湖区主要分布为盐渍软弱土，具有盐渍土与软土的双重特性，采用换填、冲击碾压、强夯、强夯置换、砾石桩、裹体砾石桩、裹体混凝土灌注桩、引孔裹体预制桩等均可进行地基处理，处理效果良好；裹体砾石桩解决了散体材料成桩的质量问题，采用裹体施工工艺提高了桩体质量及地基的承载能力，裹体混凝土灌注桩可防止盐渍土与桩体接触，桩体不受腐蚀。裹体砾石桩的沉降明显减小，采用裹体砾石桩法加固地基效果明显提高。
关键词：盐渍土；工程地质特性；地基处理；检测方法
Engineering geological characteristics of saline soil and foundation treatment technology in Qarhan Salt Lake area
DAI Hongjuan1,FU Yutao2*
1.Shandong College of Highway Technician, Jinan 250104,China;
2.No.1 Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources of Shandong Province, Jinan 250102, China
Abstract: To reduce the hazards of saline soil to subgrade such as collapsibility, salt swelling and corrosiveness, the physical and mechanical properties of saline soil in Qarhan Salt Lake area are analyzed and evaluated through investigation, drilling, in-situ test and indoor test. Taking the foundation treatment of Qarhan-Golmud Expressway as an example, the methods of saline soil foundation treatment and new foundation treatment processes are compared and analyzed, and load test standard penetration test and dynamic penetration test are used to detect the foundation bearing capacity of the foundation treatment section of Qarhan-Golmud Expressway. The results show that the saline soft soil is mainly distributed in the Salt Lake area, which has the dual characteristics of saline soil and soft soil. The foundation treatment can be carried out by using replacement, impact rolling, dynamic compaction, dynamic compaction replacement, gravel pile, wrapped gravel pile, wrapped reinforced concrete pile and pilot hole wrapped precast pile, and the treatment effect is good; the wrapped gravel pile solves the quality problem of granular material pile composite foundation. The wrapped construction technology improves the pile quality and the bearing capacity of the foundation. The wrapped reinforced concrete pile can prevent the contact between saline soil and the pile so that the pile will not be corroded. The settlement of wrapped gravel pile is obviously reduced, and the effect of foundation reinforcement by wrapped gravel pile method is obviously improved.
Keywords:saline soil; engineering geological characteristics; foundation treatment; test method
