柴油机齿轮敲击噪声分析与优化

郭鑫^1,2，彭博^1,2，丁保安^1,2，李秀山^1,2，张安安^1,2，杨铭^1,2，王晓波^1,2

1.内燃机可靠性国家重点实验室，山东 潍坊  261061；2.潍柴动力股份有限公司，山东 潍坊  261061

摘要：为解决柴油机测试过程中出现的空压机打气时整机声压级偏高问题，测试柴油机声压级并进行小波变换，从发动机近场噪声及齿轮室振动2个角度进行分析，确定柴油机噪声为齿轮敲击噪声。分析齿轮噪声的产生机理、直齿圆柱齿轮齿侧间隙对齿轮敲击噪声的影响，采用以剪切齿轮代替齿轮系中间过渡齿轮的优化方案，并进行噪声试验验证。试验结果表明，使用剪切齿轮可显著降低齿轮敲击噪声。

关键词：柴油机;直齿圆柱齿轮;剪切齿轮;敲击噪声;齿侧间隙

Analysis of knocking noise of diesel engine gear and its optimization

GUO Xin^1,2, PENG Bo^1,2, DING Baoan^1,2, LI Xiushan^1,2,

ZHANG An′an^1,2, YANG Ming^1,2, WANG Xiaobo^1,2

1.State Key Laboratory of Engine Reliability, Weifang 261061, China;

2. Weichai Power Co., Ltd., Weifang 61061, China

Abstract：In order to solve the problem of high overall sound pressure level of air compressor during air injection in the test process of a diesel engine, the sound pressure level test and wavelet transform of the diesel engine are carried out. The noise of the diesel engine is determined as gear knocking noise from the perspectives of engine near-field noise and gear chamber vibration. By analyzing the generation mechanism of gear noise, the influence of gear side clearance of spur gear on gear knocking noise and the noise reduction principle of shear gear, the optimization scheme of replacing the intermediate transition gear of gear system with shear gear is determined and verified. The test results show that the knocking noise of gear can be significantly reduced by using shear gear.

Keywords:diesel engine; spur gear; shear gear; knocking noise; gear side clearance