某固定车箱式矿车箱体振动分析
张译丹1，钟兵2*
1.漆虎技术(济南)有限公司，山东 济南 250000；2.山东交通学院汽车工程学院，山东 济南 250357
摘要：为分析某固定车箱式矿车箱体的动态特性，采用SolidWorks软件建立箱体几何模型，选取车辆满载弯曲、满载极限扭转、满载制动3种工况进行有限元模态仿真，并与路面激振频率进行对比分析。结果表明：车辆满载弯曲工况、极限扭转工况、制动工况下，箱体最大变形分别为0.079、2.968、2.493 mm，满足最大变形限值要求；3种工况下箱体最大应力分别为14.996、86.108、45.663 MPa，满足最大应力不超过168 MPa的限值要求；路面激振频率为14.985 Hz，箱体一阶固有频率为19.161 Hz，箱体固有振动频率避开了外界激励频率，避免了耦合共振，矿车箱体运行平稳性良好。
关键词：矿车箱体；有限元分析；模态仿真；变形；共振
Vibration analysis of the carbody for a fixed-body mining truck
ZHANG Yidan1, ZHONG Bing2*
1.Qihu Technology (Jinan) Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000, China;
2.School of Automotive Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan 250357, China
Abstract: To analyze the dynamic characteristics of the carbody for a certain fixed-body mining truck, SolidWorks software is used to establish the geometric model of the carbody. Three typical working conditions, namely full-load bending, full-load extreme torsion and full-load braking, are selected for finite element modal simulation, and the simulation results are compared and analyzed with the road excitation frequency to verify the rationality of the dynamic performance of the carbody. The results show that under the three working conditions of full-load bending, full-load extreme torsion and full-load braking, the maximum deformations of the carbody are about 0.079 mm, 2.968 mm and 2.493 mm respectively, all meeting the requirements of the maximum deformation limit; corresponding to the three working conditions, the maximum stresses of the carbody are 14.996 MPa, 86.108 MPa and 45.663 MPa respectively, all meeting the limit regulation that the maximum stress shall not exceed 168 MPa. The road excitation frequency is 14.985 Hz, and the first-order natural frequency of the carbody is 19.161 Hz. The natural vibration frequency of the carbody successfully avoids the external excitation frequency, effectively reducing the occurrence of coupling resonance and ensuring good operational stability of the mining truck carbody.
Keywords: mining truck carbody; finite element analysis; modal simulation; deformation; resonance
