电控放气阀增压器对某船用柴油机性能的影响

翟光瑞¹，韩国强^1，王彦斌¹，刘文奇¹，段艳强²

1.大同北方天力增压技术有限公司，山西 大同  037036；2.重庆潍柴发动机有限公司，重庆  402262

摘要：为提高船用柴油机的低速性能，开发了一款增压器电控放气阀系统，设计系统的硬件和软件，开展台架试验，对比分析无放气阀、机械放气阀、电控放气阀3款增压器对柴油机性能的影响。台架试验结果表明：装配电控放气阀增压器的柴油机性能优于无放气阀柴油机、机械放气阀柴油机；相比无放气阀增压器，在实际功率分别为额定功率的25%、50%时，装配电控放气阀增压器柴油机的燃油油耗率分别降低6、13 g/（kW·h），排温分别降低50、45 ℃，中冷后增压压力分别提高20、50 kPa，有效提高了船用柴油机的低速性能。

关键词：柴油机；增压器；电控；放气阀

Effect of a turbocharger with electrically controlled wastegate on the performance of a marine diesel engine

ZHAI Guangrui¹, HAN Guoqiang¹, WANG Yanbin¹, LIU Wenqi¹, DUAN Yanqiang²

1. Datong North Tianli Turbocharging Technology Co., Ltd., Datong 037036, China;

2. Chongqing Weichai Engine Co., Ltd., Chongqing 402262, China

Abstract: In order to improve the low-speed performance of a marine diesel engine, a electronically controlled wastegate system of a turbocharger is developed. The hardware and software of the system are designed, and the bench test are conducted to compare and analyze the effect of three turbochargers (wastegate-less turbocharger, mechanically controlled wastegate turbocharger, and electronically controlled wastegate turbocharger）on the performance of the diesel engine. The bench test results show that the performance of the diesel engine equipped with electronically controlled wastegate turbocharger is better than those equipped with either a wastegate-less turbocharger or a mechanically controlled wastegate turbocharger. Compared to a wastegate-less turbocharger, the electronically controlled wastegate turbocharger improves the low-speed performance of the marine diesel engine. When the load rate is 25% and 50%, it reduces fuel consumption by 6 and 13 g/(kW·h) and lowers exhaust temperature by 50 and 45 ℃, respectively, while increasing boost pressure after the intercooler by 20 and 50 kPa.

Keywords: diesel engine; turbocharger; electronic control; wastegate