电驱动桥传动系统齿轮修形优化设计

孙浩南¹，李伟^1*，郭年程²，慕奇珉²，高阳²

1.山东交通学院汽车工程学院，山东 济南  250357；2.山东大学机械工程学院，山东 济南  250061

摘要：为减小某重型汽车电驱动桥因啮合冲击、偏载及传动误差引发的振动噪声，基于分析软件建立其电驱动桥二级齿轮减速系统模型，将齿廓修形与齿向修形相结合，以最小化传动误差波动和齿面接触应力为优化目标进行多目标优化，确定一级、二级减速主动齿轮的渐开线齿廓斜度、渐开线齿廓鼓形、齿向斜度、齿向鼓形等修形参数，并进行仿真分析验证。结果表明：采用多目标寻优方法确定一级、二级减速主动齿轮的渐开线齿廓斜度分别为1.82、2.33 μm，渐开线齿廓鼓形分别为2.01、0.15 μm，齿向斜度分别为0.704、-3.200 μm，齿向鼓形分别为0.185、0.443 μm；优化后齿轮的仿真分析显示，传动误差峰峰值最大降幅为82.5%，齿轮最大接触应力最大降幅为18.8%，齿面单位长度载荷最大降幅为21.4%，优化后的齿轮应力分布及齿面载荷分布更均匀，有效减小了传动系统齿轮啮合振动噪声。

关键词：电驱动桥；传动误差；齿轮修形；多目标优化

Optimization design of gear modification for an electric drive axle transmission system

SUN Haonan¹, LI Wei^1*, GUO Niancheng², MU Qimin², GAO Yang²

1. School of Automotive Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan 250357, China;

2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China

Abstract: In order to reduce the vibration and noise problems caused by meshing impact, load bias and transmission error of the electric drive axle of heavy-duty vehicles, a model of a two-stage gear reduction system for a certain electric drive axle is established based on the analysis software. The tooth profile modification and tooth direction modification are combined to minimize the fluctuation of transmission error and the contact stress on the tooth surface as the optimization goal, and the modification parameters such as involute slope, involute convexity, tooth direction slope, and tooth direction convexity of the first and second stage reduction active gears are determined, and the simulation analysis is carried for verification. The results show that the modification parameters of the first and second stage reduction active gears are determined by the multi-objective optimization method, with the involute slopes being 1.82 and 2.33 μm, the involute convexities being 2.01 and 0.15 μm, the tooth direction slopes being 0.704 and-3.200 μm, and the tooth direction convexities being 0.185 and 0.443 μm, respectively. The simulation analysis of the modified gear shows that the maximum reduction of the peak-to-peak transmission error is 82.5%, the maximum reduction of the maximum contact stress on the tooth surface is 18.8%, and the maximum reduction of the load per unit length is 21.4%. The stress and load distribution on the modified tooth surface are more uniform, which effectively reduces the vibration and noise of the gear meshing in the transmission system.

Keywords: electric drive axle; transmission error; gear modification; multi-objective optimization