养护作业影响下的路段交通流特性

袁龙红，刘惠，郑益锋，岳小泉^*，王宇航，孙晓楠

福建农林大学交通与土木工程学院，福建 福州  350108

摘要：为缓解城市道路养护作业造成的交通拥堵，提高养护作业期间受影响路段的通行效率，选取福州市两处典型城市道路养护作业控制区（单车道封闭作业和双车道封闭作业）作为研究对象，基于视频图像识别技术，采集养护作业控制区的车辆运行数据，通过软件Tracker提取车辆行驶轨迹，结合软件MATLAB和SPSS进行数据处理与分析，探究在养护作业场景下车辆的时空分布特性和速度特性，分析养护作业控制区布设对交通流的影响。结果表明：养护作业控制区的交通量在平峰与高峰期差异显著，车辆进入警告区后，车流由封闭车道向通行车道转移，高峰期通行效率明显下降；车辆在养护作业控制区内的行驶速度随车流方向逐渐减小，其中作业区的车速最低，车头时距最大；在强制换道行为中，目标车道后车速度是影响换道决策的关键因素，两处养护作业控制区中，换道车辆速度大于目标车道后车速度的车辆数占比分别为65%和71%；高峰期换道起点更靠近警告区下游，且换道起点距作业区越近，换道持续时间越长。

关键词：养护作业控制区；强制换道行为；交通流特性；通行效率

Traffic flow characteristics of road section affected bymaintenance operation

YUAN Longhong, LIU Hui, ZHENG Yifeng, YUE Xiaoquan^*, WANG Yuhang, SUN Xiaonan

College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China

Abstract: To alleviate traffic congestion caused by urban road maintenance and improve traffic efficiency during maintenance operation, two typical urban road maintenance work zones in Fuzhou (single-lane closure and double-lane closure) are selected for analysis. Using video image recognition technology, vehicle operation data in the maintenance work zones are collected, and vehicle trajectories are extracted using Tracker software. Data processing and analysis is conducted with MATLAB and SPSS to examine the spatiotemporal distribution and speed characteristics of vehicles under maintenance scenarios, as well as the impact of maintenance work zone configurations on traffic flow. The results indicate that traffic volume in maintenance work zones varies significantly between off-peak and peak hours; after entering the warning area, vehicles shift from closed lanes to open lanes, with a marked decline in traffic efficiency during peak hours; vehicle speeds gradually decrease along the direction of traffic flow within maintenance work zones, with the lowest speeds and largest time headways observed in the activity area; in mandatory lane-changing behavior, the speed of the trailing vehicle in the target lane is a key factor influencing lane-changing decisions; in the two maintenance work zones, the proportions of lane-changing vehicles with higher speeds than those of the trailing vehicle are 65% and 71%, respectively; during peak hours, lane-changing initiation points are closer to the downstream end of the warning area, and the closer the lane-changing initiation point is to the activity area, the longer the lane-changing duration is.

Keywords: maintenance work zone; mandatory lane-changing behavior; traffic flow characteristic; traffic efficiency