商用车氢燃料电池混合动力系统评估模型构建

孙文¹，王霞²，陈建伟¹，白书战^1*，李国祥¹

1.山东大学核科学与能源动力学院，山东 济南  250061；2.中国重型汽车集团有限公司，山东 济南  250000

摘要：通过理论建模、仿真分析和试验验证，全面评估燃料电池混合动力商用车的动力性能与经济性能。从整车动力学出发，分析驱动力、阻力与车辆运动状态之间的动态关系，结合燃料电池、动力电池和电机的特性，建立精确的整车纵向动力学模型和动力总成多层次模型；设计基于规则的能量管理策略，实现燃料电池与动力电池间的动态功率分配。实际路谱工况的仿真结果与试验数据的对比表明：模型在车速、电机功率、燃料电池功率、动力电池功率等方面的相对误差均小于5%，所建模型精度高且能量管理策略有效。研究结果可为燃料电池混合动力商用车的性能优化和能量管理策略开发提供参考。未来将进一步探索基于数据驱动的动力系统策略，以提高动力对复杂工况的适应能力。

关键词：商用车；氢燃料电池混合动力；仿真模型；能量管理策略；功率

Evaluation model of hydrogen fuel cell hybrid power system for a commercial vehicle

SUN Wen¹, WANG Xia², CHEN Jianwei¹, BAI Shuzhan^1*, LI Guoxiang¹

1.School of Nuclear Science, Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China;

2.China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000, China

Abstract: Through theoretical modeling, simulation analysis, and experimental verification, the power performanceand economic performance of fuel cell hybrid commercial vehicles are evaluated. Starting from the dynamics of the entire vehicle, the dynamic relationship between driving force, resistance, and vehicle motion state is analyzed, and the characteristics of fuel cells, power batteries, and motors are combined to establish accurate longitudinal dynamics models of the entire vehicle and multi-level models of the powertrain. A rule-based energy management strategies are designed to achieve dynamic power allocation between fuel cells and power cells. The comparison between the simulation results of actual road spectrum conditions and experimental data shows that the relative errors of the model in terms of vehicle speed, motor power, fuel cell power, power battery power, etc. are less than 5%. The model has high accuracy and effective energy management strategies. The research results can provide reference for the performance optimization and energy management strategy development of fuel cell hybrid commercial vehicles. In the future, we will further explore data-driven power system strategies to enhance the system′s adaptability to complex operating conditions.

Keywords: commercial vehicle; hydrogen fuel cell hybrid power system; simulation model; energy management strategy; power