方形锂离子电池新型液冷流道散热性能仿真分析

刘娜^1*，刘煦杰¹，孙明山²，姜月明¹，孙壮¹，黄靖斌¹

1.山东建筑大学机电工程学院，山东 济南  250101；2.山东睿冠电能热力有限公司，山东 济南  250101

摘要：为提高方形锂离子电池散热性能，设计新型液冷流道结构，基于Fluent仿真软件构建电池生热与流体传热耦合模型，仿真分析新型液冷流道中冷却液流速、入口温度及流道厚度对冷却效果的影响。结果表明：新型流道使电池组最高温度降低8.26 ℃；流速增大，电池最高温度降低，电池温差变化不大，液冷流道压差明显增大；入口温度降低，电池组最高温度降低，温差在合理变化范围；流道厚度增大，电池组最高温度升高，压差减小，温差在合理变化范围。为实现更高效率与更低能耗的协同目标，需在散热性能与泵功耗间寻求平衡，流速为0.4 m/s、流道厚度为3 mm为较佳选择方案。

关键词：方形电池；锂离子电池；电池热管理；新型液冷流道；散热性能；数值模拟

Simulation analysis of heat dissipation performance of a new liquid cooling channel for square lithium-ion battery

LIU Na^1*, LIU Xujie¹, SUN Mingshan², JIANG Yueming¹, SUN Zhuang¹, HUANG Jingbin¹

1.School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China;

2.Shandong Ruiguan Electric Energy Thermal Co., Ltd., Jinan 250101, China

Abstract: In order to improve the heat dissipation performance of square lithium-ion batteries, a new liquid cooling channel structure is designed. Based on Fluent simulation software, a coupled model of battery heat generation and fluid heat transfer is constructed. The influence of coolant flow rate, inlet temperature, and channel thickness on the cooling effect in the new liquid cooling channel structure is simulated and analyzed. The results show that the new flow channel reduce the maximum temperature of the battery pack by 8.26 ℃. As the flow rate increases, the maximum temperature of the battery decreases, the temperature difference of the battery does not change much, and the pressure difference of the liquid cooling channel increases significantly. The inlet temperature decreases, the maximum temperature of the battery pack decreases, and the temperature difference is within a reasonable range of variation. As the thickness of the flow channel increases, the maximum temperature of the battery pack rises, the pressure difference decreases, and the temperature difference remains within a reasonable range of variation. To achieve the synergistic goal of higher efficiency and lower energy consumption, a balance needs to be sought between heat dissipation performance and pump functional consumption. A flow rate of 0.4 m/s and a channel thickness of 3 mm are the preferred options.

Keywords: square battery; lithium-ion battery; battery thermal management; new liquid cooled flow channel; thermal dissipation performance; numerical simulation