微型电动车再生制动模拟试验系统建模与仿真

周壮¹，周长峰^1*，王利民²，徐泽¹

1.山东交通学院汽车工程学院，山东 济南  250357；2.北汽福田汽车股份有限公司时代事业部，山东 潍坊  262200

摘要：为准确模拟微型电动车再生制动工况，采用软件MATLAB/Simulink搭建微型电动车再生制动试验系统模型，进行再生制动仿真分析，计算驱动电机在强制动和弱制动模式下微型电动车的再生制动效率。仿真结果表明：该微型电动车加速踏板开度为95%时，驱动电机在强、弱制动模式下的再生制动效率分别为60.3%和14.6%，期望强、弱再生制动效率分别为60.0%、15.0%，二者基本吻合；制动减速度越大、再生制动时间越长，再生制动能量越大，驱动电机强制动模式可增大制动再生能量，延长微型电动汽车的续驶里程。

关键词：微型电动车；再生制动；试验系统；仿真

Modeling and simulation of regenerative braking test system for micro electric vehicle

ZHOU Zhuang¹, ZHOU Changfeng^1*, WANG Limin², XU Ze¹

1. School of Automotive Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan 250357, China;

2. Times Division, Beijing Auto Foton Motor Co., Ltd., Weifang 262200, China

Abstract: To accurately simulate the regenerative braking conditions of micro electric vehicles, a regenerative braking test system model is developed using MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation analyzed regenerative braking performance and calculated the regenerative efficiency of the drive motor under forced braking and gentle braking modes. The results show that when the accelerator pedal opening reaches 95%, the regenerative efficiencies under forced and gentle braking modes are 60.3% and 14.6%, respectively, which align closely with the target values of 60.0% and 15.0%. Additionally, higher braking deceleration and longer regenerative braking duration lead to greater recovered energy. The forced braking mode of the drive motor can significantly increase regenerative energy, thereby extending the driving range of micro electric vehicles.

Keywords: micro electric vehicle; regenerative braking; test system; simulation