国六LNG与柴油重卡经济性及排放特性的对比分析

杨保华¹，李源¹，李园²，方艳林¹，吴昊明¹，刘树成^1*

1.山东省机动车排气污染监控中心，山东 济南250100；2.济南汽车检测中心有限公司，山东 济南250100

摘要：为研究不同燃料国六重型卡车的经济性和实际排放特性，以国内重卡中占比最高的液化天然气(liquefied natural gas，LNG）重卡和柴油重卡为研究对象，深入调研两种重卡的购买、使用及维修保养等成本，对比分析两种重卡的经济性；对新生产和在用的40辆国六LNG、柴油重卡进行实际道路排放试验，对具有代表性的LNG、柴油重卡发动机进行原始排放测试，分析两种重卡整车道路实际排放和发动机原始排放。结果表明：在年运行里程为20万km的情况下，LNG重卡首年综合经济效益比柴油重卡高122 800元；新生产LNG重卡的实际道路NO_x比排放低于柴油重卡，但在用LNG重卡的实际道路NO_x比排放高于柴油重卡，LNG重卡的实际道路CO比排放始终高于柴油重卡；LNG发动机的NO_x、THC、CO原始排放均明显高于柴油发动机，其中CO排放的差异尤为显著。

关键词：LNG重卡；柴油重卡；经济性分析；NO_x排放；CO排放

Comparative study on economic performance and emission characteristics of CHINA 6 LNG and diesel heavy-duty trucks

YANG Baohua¹, LI Yuan¹, LI Yuan², FANG Yanlin¹, WU Haoming¹, LIU Shucheng^1*

1. Shandong Motor Vehicle Exhaust Pollution Monitoring Center, Jinan 250100, China;

2. Jinan Automotive Testing Center Co., Ltd., Jinan 250100, China

Abstract: To study the economic efficiency and actual emission characteristics of CHINA 6 heavy-duty trucks in different fuel countries, liquefied natural gas (LNG) heavy-duty trucks and diesel heavy-duty trucks, which have the highest proportion of domestic heavy-duty trucks, are selected as the research objects. The purchase, use, and maintenance costs of the two types of heavy-duty trucks are thoroughly investigated, and the economic efficiency of the two types of heavy-duty trucks is compared and analyzed. Actual road emission tests on 40 newly produced and in use LNG and diesel heavy-duty trucks are conducted, and original emission tests on 4 typical LNG and diesel engines are carried on. The actual road emissions and engine original emissions of the two heavy-duty trucks are analyzed. The results indicate that, with an annual operating mileage of 200 000 km, the comprehensive economic benefits of LNG heavy-duty trucks in the first year are 122 800 yuan higher than those of diesel heavy-duty trucks. The actual road NO_x emissions of newly produced LNG heavy-duty trucks are lower than those of diesel heavy-duty trucks, but the actual road NO_x emissions of LNG heavy-duty trucks are higher than those of diesel heavy-duty trucks. The actual road CO emissions of LNG heavy-duty trucks are always higher than those of diesel heavy-duty trucks. The original emissions of NO_x, THC, and CO from LNG engines are significantly higher than those from diesel engines, especially the CO emissions are much higher than those from diesel engines.

Keywords: LNG heavy-duty truck; diesel heavy-duty truck; economic analysis; NO_xemission; CO emission