基于远程监控的重型柴油车实际道路排放特征分析

刘加昂，刘宗昊，杨保华，张妮，刘树成

山东省机动车排气污染监控中心，山东 济南  250100

摘要：为研究重型柴油车实际道路工况下的排放特征，基于远程监控云平台采集相关数据，分析在微观行驶工况下重型柴油车的NO_x排放特征；基于功基窗口法，分析选择性催化还原反应剂消耗正常、消耗固定，以及行驶在不同道路时重型柴油车的实际NO_x排放特征。结果表明：样本车辆行驶道路以市区、市郊为主，加速度和机动车比功率区间相对集中；微观行驶工况下，在相同速度区间内，NO_x排放速率与加速度、机动车比功率呈正相关，车辆减速工况时NO_x排放速率明显低于加速时；不同速度区间内，NO_x排放速率随加速度、机动车比功率增大呈先升后降趋势；基于功基窗口法，在32辆反应剂消耗正常的车辆中，NO_x比排放差异明显，比排放合格（标准限值为4 g·kW^-1·h^-1）车辆的占比为40.6%，10辆反应剂消耗固定车辆的NO_x比排放均超出标准限值，最大NO_x比排放是标准限值的3.4倍；不同道路行驶的车辆比排放分析结果表明，市区、郊区、高速路况车辆的平均NO_x比排放分别为6.08、8.06、3.43 g/(kW·h)，差异显著。

关键词：重型柴油车；微观行驶工况；机动车比功率；功基窗口法；排放速率；比排放

Analysis of actual road emission characteristics of heavy-duty diesel vehicles based on remote monitoring data

LIU Jiaang, LIU Zonghao, YANG Baohua, ZHANG Ni, LIU Shucheng

Shandong Motor Vehicle Exhaust Pollution Monitoring Center, Jinan 250100, China

Abstract：To study the emission characteristics of heavy-duty diesel vehicles under actual road conditions, relevant data is collected based on a remote monitoring cloud platform to analyze the NO_x emission characteristics of diesel heavy-duty vehicles under micro driving conditions. Based on the power based window method, the normal and fixed consumption of selective catalytic reduction（SCR）reactants, as well as the actual NO_x emission characteristics of heavy-duty diesel vehicles driving on different roads are analyzed. The results indicate that the driving roads of the sample vehicles are mainly urban and suburban areas, with relatively concentrated acceleration and vehicle specific power (VSP) intervals. Under micro driving conditions, within the same speed range, the NO_x emission rate is positively correlated with acceleration and VSP. The NO_x emission rate during deceleration is significantly lower than that during acceleration. Within different speed ranges, the NO_xemission rate shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of acceleration and VSP. Based on the power based window method, among 32 vehicles with normal reactant consumption, there is a significant difference in NO_x specific emissions, with 40.6% of heavy-duty diesel vehicles meeting the standard limit of 4 g/(kW·h) for specific emissions. 10 vehicles with fixed reactant consumption have NO_x specific emissions exceeding the standard limit, with the maximum NO_x specific emission being 3.4 times the standard limit. The analysis of the specific emissions of vehicles traveling on different roads shows significant differences in emissions among urban, suburban, and highway conditions, with average NO_x specific emissions of 6.08, 8.06, and 3.43 g/(kW·h), respectively.

Keywords: heavy-duty diesel vehicle; micro driving condition; VSP; power based window method; emission rate; specific emission