柴油机机体振动信号时域特征值分析

潘驰¹，盖永田^2,3，安国^2,3，马鑫^2,3，王金勇^2,3，纪少波^1*

1.山东大学核科学与能源动力工程学院，山东 济南  250061；2.济南汽车检测中心有限公司，山东 济南  250013；

2.中国重型汽车集团有限公司，山东 济南  250102

摘要：为研究内燃机运行状态及主轴承间隙对机体表面振动信号的影响，搭建某六缸柴油机试验台架，以机体表面振动加速度的峰峰值、整流平均值、方差、标准差及方根幅值为时域特征值，分析在发动机不同转速、输出转矩、机油温度及主轴承间隙条件下对振动信号时域特征值及柴油机最大燃烧压力的影响。试验结果表明：时域特征值及最大燃烧压力随着发动机转速、输出转矩及主轴承间隙增加而增大，并随着机油温度的升高而减小。

关键词：曲轴主轴承；异常磨损；机体振动；时域分析

Analysis of time-domain characteristic for the block vibration signal of diesel engine

PAN Chi¹, GAI Yongtian^2,3, AN Guo^2,3, MA Xin^2,3, WANG Jinyong^2,3, JI Shaobo^1*

1. School of Nuclear Science, Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061,China；

2. Jinan Automotive Testing Center Co., Ltd., Jinan 250013, China;

3.China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Co., Ltd., Jinan 250102, China

Abstract: In order to study the influence of the operation state of the internal combustion engine and the clearance of the main bearing on the vibration signal of block surface, a test bench of a certain six-cylinder diesel engine is established. The peak-to-peak value, rectified average value, variance, standard deviation root mean square value of the vibration acceleration of the block surface vibration signal are taken as the time-domain characteristic values, and the influence of different engine operation speeds, output torque, oil temperatures and main bearing clearances on each time-domain characteristic value are analyzed. The experimental results show that the time-domain characteristic and the peak value of combustion pressure increases with the increase of engine speed, torque and main bearing clearance increases, the time-domain characteristic and the peak value of combustion pressure decreases with the rise of oil temperature.

Keywords: crankshaft main bearing; abnormal wear; block vibration; time-domain analysis