限流器参数对喷油器入口压力波动特性的影响

张子威¹，张伟民²，杨贵春¹

1.中国北方发动机研究所（天津），天津   300400；2.陆装驻大同地区军代室，山西 大同   037000

摘要：以某型号柴油机大流量共轨系统为研究对象，应用AMESim软件构建集成限流器的共轨系统一维液力仿真模型，仿真研究限流器结构参数对喷油器入口压力波动特性的影响。仿真结果表明：增大限流器阀芯直径，喷油速率降低，压力波动幅值减小；增大限流器阀芯节流孔直径、阀体内腔直径、阀芯间隙，喷油速率增大，喷油器入口压力波动幅值增大。在限流器设计研发过程中，满足喷油特性前提下，为保持共轨系统内部压力波传播稳定，应适当增大限流器阀芯直径，减小阀芯节流孔径、阀体内腔直径以及阀芯间隙。

关键词：限流器；结构参数；压力波动；共轨

The influence of flow restrictor parameters on pressure fluctuation characteristics at injector inlet

ZHANG Ziwei¹, ZHANG Weimin², YANG Guichun¹

1.China North Engine Research Institute, Tianjin 300400, China;

2.Datong Military Representative Office of Army, Datong 037000, China

Abstract: Taking a certain type of diesel engine′s high flow common rail system as the research object, a one-dimensional hydraulic simulation model of the common rail system with integrated flow restrictor is constructed using AMESim software, and the influence of flow restrictor structural parameters on pressure fluctuation characteristics at injector inlet is simulated and studied. The simulation results show that increasing the diameter of flow restrictor valve core can reduce the injection rate and the amplitude of fluctuations. In addition, increasing the diameter of throttle hole, the inner diameter of valve body, and the clearance between the valve cores of flow restrictor can increase the injection rate and the amplitude of pressure fluctuations at the inlet of injector. In the design process of flow restrictor and under the premise of meeting the fuel injection characteristics, the diameter of flow restrictor valve core should be appropriately increased, the diameter of throttle hole, the inner diameter of valve body, and the clearance between the valve cores should be reduced to reduce the pressure fluctuation at the inlet of fuel injector and stabilize the pressure propagation inside common rail system.

Keywords: flow restrictor; structural parameter; pressure fluctuations; common rail