基于多目标的易燃易爆品道路运输路径优化

曾辉莉，咸化彩^*，康佳宜

山东交通学院交通与物流工程学院，山东 济南  250357

摘要：为提高易燃易爆品道路运输的安全性，考虑道路特征、交通条件及天气状况等对交通事故的影响，确定交通事故影响因素的修正系数，计算因交通事故导致的易燃易爆品泄漏概率，同时考虑因非交通事故导致的易燃易爆品泄漏概率，将二者结合计算易燃易爆品道路运输泄漏事故概率；将道路运输风险细分为人员伤亡风险、环境破坏风险、财产损失风险，量化计算3类风险损失，构建以最小运输风险、运输成本和运输距离为目标的易燃易爆品道路运输路径优化模型。以山东省部分路网为例，采用Dijkstra算法和基于模糊折衷规划的扩展标号法，求解多目标易燃易爆品道路运输路径优化模型。结果表明：计算得到的3条最优路径的运输风险、运输成本、运输距离均较小，相较于最短运输距离路径和最小运输成本路径，优化路径的运输风险大大减小，运输成本和距离略增大。

关键词：易燃易爆品；多目标；路径优化；运输风险

Multi-objective path optimization for the road transportation of flammable and explosive materials

ZENG Huili, XIAN Huacai^*, KANG Jiayi

School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan 250357, China

Abstract: In order to improve the safety of road transportation of flammable and explosive materials, considering the impact of road characteristics, traffic conditions, and weather conditions on traffic accidents, the correction coefficient of traffic accident influencing factors is determined, and the probability of flammable and explosive material leakage caused by traffic accidents is calculated. At the same time, the probability of flammable and explosive material leakage caused by non-traffic accidents is considered, and the probability of flammable and explosive material road transportation leakage accidents is obtained by combining the two. The road transportation risk is subdivided into personnel injury risk, environmental damage risk, and property loss risk, and the three types of risk losses are quantitatively calculated to construct a flammable and explosive material road transportation path optimization model with the goal of minimum transportation risk, transportation cost, and transportation distance. Taking some road networks in Shandong Province as an example, the Dijkstra algorithm and the extended labeling method based on fuzzy compromise programming are used to solve the multi-objective road transportation path optimization model for flammable and explosive materials. The results show that the transportation risk, transportation cost, and transportation distance of the three optimal routes calculated are small. Compared with the shortest transportation distance route and the minimum transportation cost route, the transportation risk of the optimized route is greatly reduced, and the transportation cost and distance are slightly increased.

Keywords: flammable and explosive materials; multi-objective; path optimization; transportation risk