配气相位对船用柴油机性能的影响

穆振仟¹，冯歆²，李猛猛³，谢宗法^4*，李龙¹，李珂³

1.淄柴动力有限公司，山东 淄博  255086；2.滨州市高级技工学校，山东 滨州  256600；

3.滨州渤海活塞有限公司，山东 滨州  256602；4.山东大学机械工程学院，山东 济南  250061

摘要：使用仿真软件建立某船用柴油机的仿真模型，利用台架试验对仿真模型进行标定，研究配气相位对柴油机进气质量流量、涡前温度、燃油消耗率、有效功率及爆发压力的影响。结果表明：排气提前角增大，柴油机的进气质量流量增大，涡前温度降低，燃油消耗率先减少后增大，有效功率先增大后减小；同一转速和负荷下，爆发压力随排气提前角的变化不明显；进气迟闭角增大，柴油机的进气质量流量先增大后减小，涡前温度不断升高，燃油消耗率先减少后升高，有效功率先升高后减少；同一转速和负荷下，爆发压力随排气迟闭角度的变化也不明显。该机型柴油机配气正时采用排气提前角为下止点前曲轴转角75°，进气迟闭角为下止点后曲轴转角50°的最优方案时，可使柴油机在100%额定负荷和50%额定负荷下的有效功率分别提高2.78%和4.28%，燃油消耗率分别降低2.75%和4.30%。

关键词：船用柴油机；配气相位；爆发压力；燃油消耗率；有效功率；进气质量流量；涡前温度

Effect of valve timing on the performance of marine diesel engine

MU Zhenqian¹, FENG Xin², LI Mengmeng³, XIE Zongfa^4*, LI Long¹, LI Ke³

1.Zichai Power Co., Ltd., Zibo 255086, China; 2.Binzhou Senior Technical School, Binzhou 256600, China;

3.Binzhou Bohai Piston Co., Ltd., Binzhou 256602, China; 4.School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China

Abstract：A simulation calculation model of a marine diesel engine was established using AVL BOOST, and the simulation model is calibrated through bench tests. The influence of valve timing on the intake flow rate, pre-vortex temperature, fuel consumption rate, effective power of the diesel engine and explosion pressure are analyzed through simulation calculations. The results show that as the exhaust advance angle increases, the intake flow rate of the diesel engine continuously increases, the temperature before the turbine decreases, the fuel consumption first decreases and then increases, the effective power first increases and then decreases. At the same speed and load, the change of peak pressure with the exhaust advance angle is not significant. As intake lag angle increases, the intake flow rate of the diesel engine first increases and then decreases, the temperature before the turbine continuously increases, the fuel consumption first decreases and then increases, and the effective power first increases and then decreases. At the same speed and load, the change of explosion pressure with the intake lag angle is not significant. The optimal timing scheme for this diesel engine model, which adopts an exhaust advance angle of 75° and an intake lag angle of 50°, can increase the effective power of the diesel engine by 2.78% and 4.28% respectively at 100% and 50% load, and reduce fuel consumption by 2.75% and 4.30% respectively.

Keywords: marine diesel engine; valve timing; explosion pressure; fuel consumption rate; effective power; intake flow rate; pre-vortex temperature