基于传递路径的加速行驶车外噪声源识别与改进

李毅，谢运和^*，何嘉洋

东风柳州汽车有限公司，广西 柳州  545000

摘要：为降低某乘用车加速行驶车外噪声，通过加速行驶车外噪声试验采集目标点数据，分析目标点噪声曲线及车辆位移曲线，得出目标点最大噪声时的车辆位置；建立车辆加速行驶车外噪声主要声源部件到车外目标点传递路径模型，通过频谱分析噪声频率；利用传递路径分析判断主要噪声源，并对主要噪声源发动机进行优化。结果表明：最大噪声时车辆位于超过测试场地中心线4.6 m处，最大噪声源为发动机，噪声频率为140~180 Hz；将发动机转速为4 500 r/min时转矩上升初始值减小后，车外噪声降低了2.6 dB，满足标准限值要求。传递路径分析方法可为加速行驶车外噪声源识别和改进提供参考。

关键词：加速行驶车外噪声；传递路径分析；噪声源识别；频谱分析

Identification of sources of noise emitted by accelerating vehicle based on transfer path and its improvement

LI Yi，XIE Yunhe^*, HE Jiayang

Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor Co., Ltd., Liuzhou 54500, China

Abstract：To reduce the pass-by noise of a passenger car, the data of the target point is collected according to the process of the external noise test, and the noise curve and vehicle displacement curve of the target point are analyzed to obtain the vehicle position at the maximum noise of the target point. The transfer path analysis(TPA) model from the main sound source components to the target points outside the vehicle is established, and the noise frequency is analyzed by frequency spectrum. The main noise source is determined by the transfer path analysis, and the main noise source engine is optimized. The results show that the maximum noise of the vehicle is 4.6 m above the center line of the test site, the maximum noise source is the engine, and the noise frequency is 140-180 Hz. When the engine speed is 4 500 r/min, the torque rise step is reduced, and the outside noise is reduced by 2.6 dB, which meets the standard limit requirements. The transfer path analysis method can provide a reference for the identification and improvement of external noise sources of accelerating vehicles.

Keywords: noise emitted by accelerating vehicle; TPA; noise source identification; spectral analysis