复合翼无人机混合动力系统能量管理策略设计

朱新宇¹，代明潇¹，彭旭¹，钟方媛²，张勋¹，杨靖宇¹

1.中国民用航空飞行学院，四川 广汉  618300；2.电子科技大学成都学院，四川 成都  610000

摘要：以某最大起飞质量为25 kg的复合翼无人机混合动力系统为研究对象，基于MATLAB/Simulink平台搭建动力系统关键部件数学模型、集成复合翼无人机混合动力系统级仿真模型，依据复合翼无人机在多点悬停作业场景下的飞行任务要求，设计相应的飞行任务剖面与基于等效燃油最小消耗的能量管理策略，进行仿真试验验证。结果表明：基于等效燃油最小消耗能量管理策略的无人机动力系统的油门跟随性良好，满足无人机实际运行需要；动力电池荷电状态可以维持在设定值附近，相对误差小于1.5%；相比基于规则的能量管理策略，基于等效燃油最小消耗管理策略的混合动力系统无人机在点对点飞行和多点悬停作业2种飞行工况下的燃油消耗分别下降了6.07%、5.49%。

关键词：复合翼无人机；混合动力系统；能量管理；等效燃油最小消耗策略

Design of energy management strategy for hybrid propulsion system ofcompound-wing VTOL unmanned aerial vehicle

ZHU Xinyu¹, DAI Mingxiao¹, PENG Xu¹, ZHONG Fangyuan²，ZHANG Xun¹, YANG Jingyu¹

1.Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan 618300, China;

2. Chengdu College of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610000, China

Abstract：The compound-wing vertical take-off and landing(VTOL) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with a maximum takeoff mass of 25 kg is selected as the research object for a hybrid propulsion system. A mathematical model of key components in the power system is constructed using the MATLAB/Simulink platform. Furthermore, an integrated system-level simulation model of the compound-wing UAV hybrid propulsion system is developed. Based on the flight mission requirements of the compound-wing UAV in a multi-point hover operation scenario, corresponding flight mission profiles are designed. An energy management strategy based on equivalent minimum fuel consumption is employed. Simulation experiments are conducted to validate the proposed models and strategies. The simulation results demonstrate that the throttle response of the UAV power system based on the equivalent minimum fuel consumption energy management strategy (ECMS) meets the practical operational requirements of the UAV. The state of charge of the power battery can be maintained near the set value, with a relative error of less than 1.5%. In comparison with rule-based energy management strategies, the hybrid propulsion system UAV based on the ECMS exhibits a reduction in fuel consumption of 6.07% and 5.49% in point-to-point flight and multi-point hover operation scenarios, respectively.

Keywords:compound-wing VTOL UAV;hybrid propulsion system;energy management strategy;ECMS