涡轮增压器瞬态响应性的影响因素

刘晓东

神龙汽车有限公司技术质量部，湖北 武汉  430056

摘要：为快速评价增压器瞬态响应性，以汽油发动机的电磁阀气动式旁通控制的涡轮增压器为例，从发动机标定参数、外围相关零部件及装配、增压器运动机构迟滞三方面分析影响涡轮增压器瞬态响应的主要因素，提出转矩斜率台架快速评价方法。结果表明：采用比例积分微分（proportional integral differential，PID）预控策略，电磁阀占空比偏置为2.5%~5.0%对增压预控的结果影响较大；增压系统积分时间常数偏差系数大于0，增压压力有欠调趋势；增压系统积分时间常数小于0，增压压力有超调趋势；废气旁通阀关闭裕度比较适宜的区域为-0.05~0.20 mm；转矩斜率方法操作性强，可在发动机台架上快速评价增压器瞬态响应性能。

关键词：涡轮增压器；瞬态响应；PID预控；关闭裕度；转矩斜率

Influencing factors of transient response of turbochargers

LIU Xiaodong

Technique Quality Department of Dongfeng Peugeot Citroen Automobile Company,Wuhan 430056,China

Abstract：To quickly evaluate the transient response of turbochargers, taking the turbochargers controlled by solenoid pneumatic bypass in gasoline engines as an example, the main factors affecting the transient response of turbochargers are analyzed from three aspects: engine calibration parameters, peripheral related components and assembly, and turbocharger motion mechanism hysteresis. A torque slope bench rapid evaluation method is proposed. The results show that using the proportional integral differential (PID) control strategy, the bias of the solenoid valve duty cycle between 2.5% and 5.0% has a significant impact on the results of the boost control. The deviation coefficient of the integral time constant of the turbocharging system is greater than 0, and there is a tendency for the turbocharging pressure to be under regulated. The integral time constant of the boost system is less than 0, and the boost pressure tends to overshoot. The closing margin of the exhaust bypass valve is -0.05~0.20 mm, which is a relatively suitable. The torque slope method is effective and could quickly evaluate the transient response performance of turbochargers on an engine bench.

Key words: turbocharger; transient response; PID pre-control;closing margin; torque slope