某大缸径高速船用柴油机性能优化

王惠林，颜鲁，王峰，许晓颖，张洋洋

潍柴动力股份有限公司大缸径发动机研究院，山东 潍坊  261061

摘要：通过优化缸内燃烧过程提高某20缸大缸径高速船用柴油机的经济性。基于现有台架试验数据，通过三维燃烧仿真计算提出喷油器和燃烧室型线优化方案，在单缸机台架上进行优选方案的试验验证和超负荷耐久试验验证。仿真和单缸机试验结果表明：喷油器锥角由150°增大至154°、燃油体积流量由100 mL/s减小至95 mL/s都可提高柴油机性能，且大锥角喷油器优势更明显；台阶型燃烧室型线可改善缸内油气混合和燃烧。100 h超负荷耐久试验结果表明，大锥角喷油器满足可靠性设计要求。

关键词：大缸径柴油机；性能优化；燃烧仿真；单缸机验证；可靠性

Performance optimization of a large bore high speed marine diesel engine

WANG Huilin, YAN Lu, WANG Feng, XU Xiaoying, ZHANG Yangyang

Large Bore Engine Research Institute, Weichai Power Co., Ltd., Weifang 261061, China

Abstract：By optimizing the combustion process in the cylinder, the economy of a 20 cylinders large bore high speed marine diesel engine is improved. Based on bench test data, an optimization for the fuel injector and combustion chamber profile is proposed through three-dimensional combustion simulation calculation. Experimental verification of the optimization and overload durability test are conducted on a single cylinder engine bench. The simulation and single cylinder engine test results show that increasing the injector cone angle from 150° to 154° and reducing the volumetric flow rate from 100 mL/s to 95 mL/s can improve diesel engine performance, and the advantages of large cone angle injectors are more effectively. The stepped combustion chamber profile can improve the mixing and combustion in the cylinder. The results of the 100 h overload durability test indicate that the large cone angle fuel injector meets the reliability design requirements.

Keywords:large bore diesel engine；performance optimization；combustion simulation；single cylinder engine testing；reliability