某牵引车驾驶室噪声分析及优化

董福祥^1，2，丁保安^1，2，张新众^1，2，刘春燕^1，2，薛厚强^1，2

1.内燃机可靠性国家重点实验室，山东 潍坊  261061；2.潍柴动力股份有限公司，山东 潍坊  261061

摘要：为解决某牵引车发动机转速为1 600~1 900 r/min时驾驶室轰鸣问题，通过声振测试和有限元仿真对轰鸣现象进行研究，并对噪声传递路径进行优化。结果表明：受空压机2.34阶次进气气体激励影响，进气管振动经进气管软垫传递到驾驶室，进气管振动频率66.41 Hz与驾驶室声腔模态频率68.78 Hz耦合，引起共振，造成驾驶室轰鸣。采用刚度较低的进气管软垫，进气管固有频率由66.4 Hz降为53.0 Hz，避开了驾驶室声腔模态耦合频率，降低进气管传递到驾驶室的振动，改善驾驶室轰鸣问题。

关键词：驾驶室；声腔模态；轰鸣噪声；阶次分析；空压机

Analysis of a tractor′s cabin noise and its optimization

DONG Fuxiang^1，2, DING Baoan^1，2, ZHANG Xinzhong^1，2,

LIU Chunyan^1，2, XUE Houqiang^1，2

1. State Key Laboratory of Engine Reliability, Weifang 261061, China;

2. Weichai Power Co., Ltd., Weifang 261061, China

Abstract：In order to solve the problem of cabin roaring when the engine speed of a certain tractor is 1 600~1900 r/min, the roaring phenomenon is studied through acoustic vibration testing and finite element simulation, and the noise transmission path is optimized. The results show that under the influence of 2.34 order intake gas excitation from the air compressor, the vibration of the intake pipe is transmitted to the driver′s cab through the intake pipe cushion. The vibration frequency of the intake pipe is 66.41 Hz coupled with the modal frequency of the driver′s cab cavity, which causes resonance and roaming. By using a lower stiffness intake pipe cushion, the natural frequency of the intake pipe is reduced from 66.4 Hz to 53.0 Hz, avoiding the coupling frequency of the cab sound cavity mode, reducing the vibration transmitted from the intake pipe to the cab, and improving the problem of cabin noise.

Keywords:cabin; voice cavity mode; roaring noise; order analysis; air compressor