基于SEM的城市慢行交通环境满意度评价影响因素分析

张艺鑫^1，2，张萌萌^1，2*

1.山东交通学院 交通与物流工程学院，山东 济南  250357；

2.山东省智慧交通重点实验室(筹)，山东 济南  250357

摘要：为提升慢行交通系统建设质量，根据居民慢行出行体验反馈进行慢行交通环境满意度评价。采用调查问卷的方式，通过探索性因子分析方法提取慢行交通环境满意度评价调查问卷数据，确定慢行交通环境满意度的关键因素为非机动车设施便利度、街道环境、安全性感知、舒适度感知与整体满意度，基于结构方程模型（structural equation modeling，SEM）构建慢行交通环境满意度的假设模型，进行适配度检验和假设检验，分析慢行交通环境满意度模型的路径系数并提出相应优化措施。结果表明：城市慢行交通环境满意度的影响因素按重要性从大到小依次为非机动车设施便利度、舒适性感知、街道环境、安全性感知；非机动车设施便利度与舒适度感知是影响城市慢行交通环境满意度的主要因素，舒适度感知对城市慢行交通环境满意度的影响比安全性更大，机非/人非隔离状态是影响出行者舒适度感知的最大因素。此结果可为慢行交通环境建设提供改善措施。

关键词：城市交通；满意度；SEM；慢行交通环境；影响因素；探索性因子分析

Factors of satisfaction evaluation for urban ped & bike trafficenvironment by structural equation model

ZHANG Yixin^1，2, ZHANG Mengmeng^1，2*

1.School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering，Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan 250357,China;

2.Shandong Key Laboratory of Smart Transportation(preparation), Jinan 250357, China

Abstract:In order to improve the construction quality of ped & bike traffic system, the environment satisfaction of the system evaluation was conducted according to the feedback of residents′ travel experience. Through the exploratory factor analysis method, the questionnaire data of ped & bike traffic environment satisfaction evaluation are extracted, and the key factors of ped & bike traffic environment satisfaction are determined as ped & bike traffic facility convenience, street condition, safety perception, comfort perception and overall satisfaction. Based on the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), a hypothesis model of ped & bike traffic environmental satisfaction is constructed, then the fitness test and the hypothesis test are conducted to analyze the path coefficients of the ped & bike traffic environmental satisfaction model. After that, the corresponding optimization measures are proposed. The results show that the influencing factors of urban ped & bike traffic environment satisfaction are the extend of facility convenience of ped & bike traffic, comfort perception, street environment and safety perception in descending order in terms of importance. The amenity and comfort perception of ped & bike traffic facilities are the main factors affecting the environmental satisfaction of urban non-motorized traffic. The influence of comfort perception on the environmental satisfaction of urban non-motorized traffic is greater than that of safety, and the isolation status between the motorized and non-motorized traffic is the biggest factor affecting the travelers′ comfort perception. The results of this study could provide improvement measures for the further construction of ped & bike traffic environment.

Keywords:urban traffic; satisfaction; SEM; ped & bike traffic environment; affecting factors; exploratory factor analysis