柴油机电控喷油器瞬态响应分析及结构优化

张耀飞¹，李国祥¹，白书战^1*，王会军²，刘本学²

1.山东大学能源与动力工程学院，山东 济南  250061；2.龙口龙泵柴油喷射高科有限公司，山东 龙口  265018

摘要：为提高电控喷油器瞬态响应性能，应用BOOST Hydsim软件，基于结构动力学和流体力学建立某柴油机喷油器一维仿真模型，分析喷油器出油孔流通面积、控制活塞直径等结构参数对针阀响应速度的影响，提出喷油器的结构优化方案。仿真结果表明：增大喷油器出油孔流通面积、减小控制活塞直径，可以显著提高针阀升起和下落速度，改善喷油器瞬态响应特性；优化结构的喷油器瞬态响应时间缩短约17.5%。该研究可以为针阀结构动力学和喷孔内流体动力学耦合分析提供参考。

关键词：高压共轨；电控喷油器；针阀；仿真分析；结构优化

Transient response analysis and structural optimization of diesel electronically controlled injectors

ZHANG Yaofei¹, LI Guoxiang¹, BAI Shuzhan^1*, WANG Huijun², LIU Benxue²

1.College of Energy and Power Engineering，Shandong University, Jinan 250061,China;

2.Longkou Longbeng Diesel Iniection High Technology Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Longkou 265018, China

Abstract：In order to improve the transient response performance of the electronically controlled injector, a one-dimensional simulation model of a diesel engine injector is established based on structural dynamics and fluid dynamics using BOOST Hydsim software, and the effects of structural parameters such as injector outlet hole flow area and control piston diameter on the needle valve response are analyzed,the structural optimization scheme of the injector is proposed. The simulation results show that increasing the flow area of the injector outlet hole and reducing the diameter of the control piston can significantly increase the lifting and dropping speed of the needle valve and improve the transient response characteristics of the injector. The transient response time of the injector with optimized structure is reduced by about 17.5%. This study can provide a reference for the coupling analysis of needle valve structural dynamics and fluid dynamics in the injector hole.

Keywords:high pressure common rail; electronically controlled injector;needle valve; simulation analysis; structural optimization