船舶甲板超疏冰涂层的制备及其性能
熊广友，张少君，王明雨*，王天舒，史培博
山东交通学院航运学院，山东 威海 264003
摘要：为解决低温环境下船体表面易结冰的问题，研制一种用于船舶甲板除冰的纳米SiO2-环氧树脂超疏冰涂层。采用正辛基三乙氧基硅烷(n-Octyl triethoxysilane，OTS)和全氟葵基三甲氧基硅烷(1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane，FAS)三官能度低聚物材料对纳米SiO2粒子进行疏水改性，将改性后的纳米SiO2粒子溶于乙醇后，喷涂在基材表面的环氧树脂上，利用自组装技术使其表面结构高度有序，室温固化后制备超疏冰涂层。采用红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪分析改性后的纳米SiO2粒子的性能，结果表明纳米SiO2粒子改性成功。利用扫描电子显微镜、热重分析仪、接触角测试仪对纳米SiO2-环氧树脂涂层进行结构表征，可证明改性纳米SiO2的质量分数为15%的纳米SiO2-环氧树脂涂层防覆冰效果最佳，接触角为161.012°。在-30 ℃环境下，将0.9 mL水滴在有涂层的钢板和玻璃板上，完全结冰时间分别为103、173 s，与纯钢板和纯玻璃基材表面结冰时间相比，分别延长90、110 s，表明涂层疏冰性能较好。
关键词：甲板除冰；超疏冰涂层；防覆冰；表面改性；低表面能
Preparation and properties of super ice-phobic coating on ship decks
XIONG Guangyou, ZHANG Shaojun, WANG Mingyu*, WANG Tianshu, SHI Peibo
School of Shipping，Shandong Jiaotong University, Weihai 264310, China
Abstract: To solve the problem that ship hull surface is easy to be frozen in low temperature environment, a kind of nano-SiO2/epoxy super ice-phobic coating for ship deck de-icing is developed. Nano-SiO2particles were hydrophobically modified by OTS and FAS trifunctional oligomeric materials, dissolved in ethanol, and then sprayed on the epoxy resin surface on the substrate. The surface structure of nano-SiO2particles is highly ordered by self-assemble technology. After cured at room temperature, the super ice-phobic coating is prepared. The SiO2particles are analyzed by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), the results show that the modification is completed. The structure of nano-SiO2/epoxy coating is characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analyzer (TG) and contact angle tester (CA). The results show that the effect of nano-SiO2/epoxy coating with 15% modified SiO2content is the best, and the contact angle can reach up to 161.012°. At -30 ℃, the complete freezing time of the coated steel plate and glass plate with 0.9 mL of water on their surface is 103 and 173 s, respectively. Compared with that on pure steel plate and pure glass substrate, the surface icing time is extended by 90 and 110 s, respectively,which indicates that the coating has an excellent anti-icing performance and provides an effective way to solve the problem of ice formation on ship hull surface.
Keywords:deck de-icing; super ice-phobic coating; anti-icing; surface modification; low surface energy
