基于PS-InSAR的建筑及道路动态沉降安全监测

黄宝华^1，2，3，周利霞⁴，孔祥侨⁵

1.山东交通学院交通土建工程学院，山东 济南  250357；2.山东省数据开放创新应用实验室，山东 济南  250357；

3.山东星屹时空信息科技有限公司，山东 烟台  264003；4.烟台市城市规划展示馆，山东 烟台  213167；

5.鲁东大学资源与环境工程学院，山东 烟台  264025

摘要：为研究建筑及道路的动态沉降，采用覆盖威海市环翠区的20景哨兵（Sentinel-1）干涉雷达测量（interferometric synthetic aperture radar，InSAR）数据，采用时间序列永久散射体合成孔径雷达干涉测量（persistent scatterer InSAR，PS-InSAR）技术提取该区域地表不同构筑物沉降点，对环翠区地表建筑物和道路沉降进行动态监测。结果表明：环翠区建筑物高度与沉降正相关；铁路和公路的沉降由北向南依次减小，在山区等人为干扰少、地质条件较好的地区，基本不发生沉降；威海市环翠区年沉降量大于10 mm的点主要分布在冲积-海积物等堆积的北部地区，并集中在码头、建筑区等人工工程地区。北部地区沉降量大的主要原因是环翠区地层较松散，含水量较高，易发生沉降；该地区人工工程相对较多，对地下土体施加压力，导致土层沉降。分析InSAR数据能较好地监测大范围地表沉降情况，为地表沉降治理和决策提供支持。

关键词：InSAR；动态地表沉降；PS-InSAR；建筑物高度

Monitoring of dynamic settlement safety for buildings androads based on PS-InSAR

HUANG Baohua^1,2,3, ZHOU Lixia⁴, KONG Xiangqiao⁵

1. School of Civil Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan 250357, China;

2. Shandong Provincial Data Open Innovation Application Laboratory, Jinan 250357, China;

3. Shandong Xingyi Spacetime Information Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai 264003, China;

4. Yantai Urban Planning Exhibition Hall, Yantai 213167, China;

5. School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China

Abstract: In order to study the dynamic settlement of buildings and roads, interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data from 20 Sentinel-1 satellites covering Huancui District, Weihai City are used. The persistent scatterer InSAR (PS-InSAR) technology is employed to extract surface settlement points of different structures in the region and dynamically monitor the settlement of buildings and roads in Huancui District. The results show that the height of buildings in Huancui District is positively correlated with settlement; the settlement of railways and highways decreases from north to south. In areas with less human interference and better geological conditions such as mountainous areas, settlement is minimal. Points in Huancui District with an annual settlement greater than 10 mm are mainly concentrated in the northern part of the region where alluvial and aeolian deposits accumulate, with a concentration in artificial engineering areas such as docks and construction zones. The main reason for significant settlement in the northern region is loose geological strata with high water content, making them susceptible to settlement. There is a relatively high amount of artificial engineering activities in the area, exerting pressure on the underlying soil layers and causing settlement. Analyzing InSAR data can effectively monitor widespread surface settlement, and provide support for subsidence governance and decision-making.

Keywords: InSAR; dynamic surface settlement; PS-InSAR; building height