基于GT-Power的压电晶体喷油器性能仿真分析

姜峰¹，王闯¹，陈乾^2*，王春风³

1.广西科技大学机械与汽车工程学院，广西 柳州   545006；

2.广西壮族自治区汽车拖拉机研究所有限公司，广西 柳州   545006；

3.广西玉柴机器股份有限公司，广西 玉林   537000

摘要：为优化柴油机压电晶体喷油器性能，采用GT-Power建立高压共轨压电晶体喷油器仿真模型，改变模型中压电晶体的材料属性，设置不同电压条件，仿真分析压电晶体执行器的弹性模量、晶体驱动电压对执行器位移、喷油针阀压强、喷油器温度及每循环喷油量的影响。仿真结果表明：压电晶体喷油器弹性模量大于75 GPa，执行器位移随驱动电压的增大而增大；喷油器弹性模量大于80 GPa，喷油针阀处的压强增大，温度升高；相比弹性模量为55 GPa，弹性模量为80 GPa时，压电晶体执行器位移增大15.6%，喷油器每循环喷油量增加2.3%。压电晶体喷油器弹性模量为75~80 GPa，可以提高喷油速率，缩短喷油持续期，有利于提高柴油机热效率。

关键词：柴油机；压电晶体；喷油器；仿真模型；优化分析

Simulation and analysis of piezoelectric crystal injector performance based on GT-Power

JIANG Feng¹, WANG Chuang¹, CHEN Qian ^2*,  WANG Chunfeng³

1.School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China;

2.Guangxi Automobile Tractor Research Institute Co., Ltd., Liuzhou 545006, China;

3.Guangxi Yuchai Machinery Co., Ltd., Yulin 537000, China

Abstract：In order to optimize the performance of piezoelectric crystal injectors of diesel engines, GT-Power is used to establish a simulation model of the high-pressure common-rail piezoelectric crystal injectors, the material properties of the piezoelectric crystals in the model is changed and different voltage conditions is set up so as to simulate and analyse the influence of the elasticity modulus of piezoelectric crystal actuators in the piezoelectric crystal injectors, the driving voltage of the crystal on the effects of the elastic modulus of the piezoelectric crystal actuator, the crystal driving voltage on the displacement of the actuator, the pressure and temperature of the injection needle valve, and the injection volume per cycle. The simulation results show that when the elastic modulus of the piezoelectric crystal injector is more than 75 GPa, the displacement of the actuator increases with the increase of driving voltage. When the elastic modulus of the injector is more than 80 GPa, the pressure and temperature at the injection needle valve increase. Compared with a modulus of elasticity of 55 GPa, when the elastic modulus of the piezoelectric crystal injector is 80 GPa, the displacement of the piezoelectric crystal actuator increases by 15.6%, and the injection volume of the injector per cycle increases by 2.3%. The piezoelectric crystal injector with a modulus of elasticity of 75-80 GPa can increase the injection rate and shorten the injection duration, which is conducive to improving the thermal efficiency of the diesel engine.

Keywords: diesel engine; piezoelectric crystal; injector; simulation model; optimize analysis