基于热-机耦合的燃料电池极板结构优化

王文斌¹，官镇¹，朱晓春²，高正远²，曹孟雪²，白书战^1*

1.山东大学能源与动力工程学院，山东 济南  250061；2.潍柴动力股份有限公司，山东 潍坊  261061

摘要：为提高燃料电池极板机械强度，对平行流道极板结构进行优化，在流道中设置不同高度和不同排布方式的凸台；通过计算流体力学和有限元方法对极板进行热-机耦合仿真，以Fluent软件求解得到极板的温度场为热边界条件，将其导入Abaqus软件中进行有限元仿真，得到热-机耦合应力分布，分析不同流道结构极板的机械强度。仿真结果表明：在流道中设置凸台可以明显改善极板的温度分布和应力分布；凸台交叉排布的极板的温度均匀性较好、最大应力较小；凸台越高，极板的刚度越大、变形越小。

关键词：氢燃料电池；极板；流道；热-机耦合

Optimization of fuel cell bipolar plate structure based on thermal-mechanical coupling

WANG Wenbin¹, GUAN Zhen¹, ZHU Xiaochun², GAO Zhengyuan²,

CAO Mengxue², BAI Shuzhan^1*

1. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China;

2. Weichai Power Co., Ltd., Weifang 261061, China

Abstract：To enhance the mechanical strength of fuel cell bipolar plates, different heights and arrangements of protrusions are incorporated into the flow channels to optimize the structure of parallel flow channel plates. Computational fluid dynamics and finite element methods are employed for thermo-mechanical coupled simulations of the plates. The temperature field of the plates is solved using Fluent software to obtain thermal boundary conditions, which is then imported into Abaqus software for finite element simulations to determine the thermal-mechanical coupled stress distribution. This approach allows for the analysis of the mechanical strength of plates with various channel structures. Simulation results show that the incorporation of protrusions into the flow channels significantly improves the temperature and stress distributions of the plates; bipolar plates with cross-arranged protrusions exhibite are better temperature uniformity and lower maximum stress; higher protrusions leads to increased plate stiffness and reduced deformation.

Keywords:PEMFC; electrode plate; flow channel; thermal-mechanical coupling