单级/二级可调增压系统对船用发动机低速性能的影响

马超^1,2,3，李成^3,4，王孝丽^3,5，刘永芳^3,5，张健健^3,5，李国祥^1,3*

1.山东大学能源与动力工程学院，山东 济南  250061；2.潍坊学院机械与自动化学院，山东 潍坊  261061；

3.机械工业内燃机增压系统重点实验室， 山东 寿光  262718；4.广西玉柴船电动力有限公司，广西 玉林  519175;5.康跃科技(山东)有限公司，山东 寿光  262718

摘要：为提高船用高功率密度发动机低速性能，设计单级/二级可调增压系统，利用一维热力学仿真软件对分别搭载单级/二级可调增压系统、传统二级可调增压系统及单级增压系统的同一发动机性能进行仿真计算。仿真结果表明：转速小于1 200 r/min时,搭载传统二级可调增压系统的发动机性能明显提升，转速大于1 400 r/min时燃油经济性恶化；转速小于1 100 r/min时,搭载单级/二级可调增压系统的发动机，性能提升优于传统二级可调增压系统，转速大于1 200 r/min时性能与单级增压系统发动机基本持平；与传统二级可调增压系统发动机相比，单级/二级可调增压系统发动机提升低速转矩的潜力更大；发动机转速小于1 000 r/min时，与传统二级可调增压系统相比，转矩储备增加9%~30%。

关键词：二级增压；单级/二级可调增压；低速转矩；燃油经济性

Influence of a single-stage/two-stage adjustable turbocharging system on the performance under low-speed conditions of a marine engine

MA Chao^1,2,3, LI Cheng^3,4, WANG Xiaoli^3,5, LIU Yongfang^3,5,

ZHANG Jianjian^3,5, LI Guoxiang^1,3*

1. School of Energy and Power Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China;

2. School of Machinery and Automation, Weifang University,Weifang 261061,China;

3. Key Laboratory of Turbocharging System of Mechanical Industry, Shouguang 262718,China;

4. Guangxi Yuchai Ship Electric Power Co., Ltd., Yulin 519175, China;

5. Kangyue Technology (Shandong) Co., Ltd., Shouguang 262718,China

Abstract：In order to improve the low-speed performance of marine engines with high power density, a single-stage/two-stage adjustable turbocharging system is proposed, and one-dimensional thermodynamic simulations are conducted to compare performances of the engine with different turbocharging systems. The results show that the traditional two-stage adjustable turbocharging system has obvious advantage in improving the engine performance under working conditions less than 1 200 r/min, and the fuel economy under the 1 400 r/min conditions deteriorate. The engine equipped with a single-stage/two-stage adjustable turbocharging system has better performance improvement than traditional two-stage adjustable turbocharging systems when the engine speed is less than 1 100 r/min. When the engine speed is greater than 1 200 r/min, the engine performance is basically the same as that of a single stage turbocharging system engine.Compared with traditional two-stage adjustable turbocharging system engine, single-stage/two-stage adjustable turbocharging system engine has greater potential for improving low-speed torque.When the engine speed is less than 1 100 r/min, compared to traditional two-stage turbocharging systems, engine equipped with single/two-stage adjustable turbocharging systems has a torque reserve increase of 9% to 30%.

Keywords: two-stage turbocharging; single-stage/two-stage adjustable turbocharging; low-speed torque; fuel economy