基于地理信息数据的青岛市快递自提点布局规律与影响因素

高延辉，王宝义^*

山东交通学院交通与物流工程学院，山东 济南  250357

摘要：基于青岛市菜鸟驿站和含快递服务的中国邮政站点的兴趣点（point of interest，POI）数据，综合运用核密度估计、标准差椭圆、平均最近邻分析、缓冲区分析、相关性分析和主成分分析等方法，解析青岛市快递自提点的空间分布特征及影响因素。研究结果表明：快递自提点空间分布不均衡，菜鸟驿站的站点分布比中国邮政更集中，集聚效应更明显；菜鸟驿站分布向东北-西南方向延伸，中国邮政站点呈南-北分布，密度均由内向外递减；经济、交通、人口和用地类型等是青岛市快递自提点空间分布差异的主要影响因素；从主成分分析的综合得分来看，黄岛区得分最高，快递自提点的布局较完善，城阳区、平度市、李沧区、崂山区和莱西市的综合得分小于0，快递自提站点布局存在较大改进空间。

关键词：快递自提点；地理信息数据；集聚模式；POI

Layout rules and influencing factors of express delivery pick-up points in Qingdao based on geographic information data

GAO Yanhui, WANG Baoyi^*

School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan 250357, China

Abstract:Based on the point of interest(POI) data of Qingdao Cainiao post station and China post station with express service, the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of express pick-up points in Qingdao are analyzed using kernel density estimation, standard deviation ellipse, average nearest neighbor analysis, buffer analysis, correlation analysis and principal component analysis comprehensively. The findings are as follows:The spatial distribution of express pick-up points is uneven, and the site distribution of Cainiao post station is more concentrated than that of China Post, and the agglomeration effect is more obvious; The distribution of Cainiao post stations extends from northeast to southwest, and the distribution of China Post stations is from south to north, and the density of post stations decreases from inside to outside; Economy, transportation, population and land use types are the main factors affecting the spatial distribution of express delivery pick-up points in Qingdao; From the comprehensive score of principal component analysis, Huangdao District scores the highest, the layout of express delivery self delivery points is relatively perfect, and the comprehensive scores of Chengyang District, Pingdu City, Licang District, Laoshan District and Laixi City are less than 0, indicating that the layout of Express delivery self delivery stations could be improved to a large extent.

Keywords:express delivery pick-up point; geographic information data;agglomeration mode; POI