轮背空腔间隙对离心压气机气动轴向力的影响

李文娇^1,2

1.大连依勒斯涡轮增压技术有限公司，辽宁 大连  116028；

2.大连交通大学机械工程学院，辽宁 大连  116028

摘要：建立涡轮增压器仿真计算模型并进行试验验证；分别制定轮背空腔径向间隙、轴向间隙的增加、减小方案，研究径向间隙、轴向间隙对离心压气机气动轴向力的影响。结果表明：轮背空腔间隙对轴向力有不同程度的影响；轴向力随间隙的减小而降低，其中径向间隙对轴向力的影响更大，同原方案相比，径向间隙方案在小流量工况下轴向力最大变化为21.92%，在大流量工况下轴向力最大变化为38.00%，轴向间隙方案使轴向力变化不超过6.26%。

关键词：离心压气机；叶轮；空腔间隙；轴向力；仿真计算

The effect of wheel back cavity gap on aerodynamic axial force of a centrifugal compressor

LI Wenjiao^1,2

1. Aeolus Turbocharge Technology Co., Ltd., Dalian 116028, China;

2. School of Mechanical Engineer, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, China

Abstract：The simulation model of turbocharger is established and verified by experiment. The cases of increase and decrease of radial and axial clearance of wheel back cavity are respectively made，and the influence of radial and axial clearance of impeller wheel back plate cavity on aerodynamic axial force of centrifugal compressor is studied. The results show that the axial force is affected by the impeller wheel back plate cavity gap in different degrees. The axial force decreases as the radial and axial clearance decreases, among them radial clearance shows further influence on axial force. Compared with the original case, in the radial clearance case, the maximum change of axial force is 21.92% in small flow condition, and 38.00% in large flow condition, in the axial clearance case, the the maximum change of axial force is 6.26%.

Keywords:centrifugal compressor; impeller; cavity gap; axial force; simulation calculation