内燃机车用柴油机排气岐管漏油分析与改进

刘旭东¹，卢丹²，程豆豆¹，张旭¹

1.乌鲁木齐城市轨道集团有限公司，新疆 乌鲁木齐  830000；

2.新疆工程学院，新疆 乌鲁木齐  830000

摘要：为解决某地铁内燃机车用柴油机在低速、低负荷工况排气歧管连接处密封不良导致的黑油渗漏问题，分析漏油原因，提出一种机车起动后在怠速工况下提高柴油机负载、使发动机快速升温、排气岐管处密封件迅速形成有效密封以消除渗漏的方法，优化设计可编程逻辑控制器控制程序，增加制动缸压力开关，并在试车线上对改进后的机车进行试验验证及正线负载作业。结果表明：优化后的柴油机起动后能够迅速达到正常工作温度，活塞环充分膨胀，柴油机排气歧管上的密封件有效发挥作用，黑油渗漏问题不再发生。

关键词：内燃机；渗漏；自动加载；排气岐管：改进

Analysis of oil leakage in exhaust manifold for diesel engine of locomotive and its improvement

LIU Xudong¹, LU Dan², CHENG Doudou¹, ZHANG Xu¹

1.Urumqi Urban Rail Group Co., Ltd., Urumqi 830000,China；

2.Xinjiang Institute of Engineering,Urumqi 830000,China

Abstract：In order to solve the problem of oil leakage caused by poor sealing of exhaust manifold of diesel engine for a subway diesel locomotive under low speed and low load conditions, the cause of oil leakage is analyzed, and a method is proposed to increase the load of the diesel engine under the idling condition after starting the locomotive, which makes the engine temperature rise rapidly, and quickly forms an effective seal at the exhaust manifold to eliminate leakage. The control program of programmable logic controller (PLC) is optimized, and the brake cylinder pressure switch is added. The test of the improved locomotive on the testing line and the load operation on the main line are carried out. The results show that the optimized diesel engine can quickly reach the normal working temperature after starting, the piston ring expands fully, and the seals on the diesel engine exhaust manifold play an effective role, oil leakage no longer occurs.

Keywords:internal combustion engine;leakage;automatic loading; exhaust manifold ;improvement