基于出行阻抗的城市地铁网络客流分布计算

杨群，罗钦，赖怡纯，郭政阳，赖志鹏

深圳技术大学 城市交通与物流学院，广东 深圳  518118

摘要：为提高城市地铁网络客流分布预测的准确性，结合乘车阻抗、进站候车阻抗和换乘阻抗等出行阻抗建立综合出行阻抗函数，基于阻抗函数对有效路径集进行搜索与筛选，建立基于综合出行阻抗的多路径客流分布计算模型，并设立换乘惩罚系数对不同路径的客流分配进行合理修正。以深圳地铁新开通的11号线为契机，结合地铁1号线、2号线、3号线、5号线分析网络客流分布的变化。结果表明：新开通的11号线使各线路中的换乘客流有不同程度的增大，增加了乘客出行的可选路径，且11号线车站附近形成新的人口及岗位聚集圈，进一步增加了11号线自身的客流，使得线网客运总量增加，与实际运营中的客流特征相符，验证了所建模型的有效性和适用性。

关键词：城市轨道交通；出行阻抗；地铁网络；客流分布；换乘惩罚系数

The calculation of passenger flow scattering inurban subway network based on 

travel impedance

YANG Qun，LUO Qin，LAI Yichun，GUO Zhengyang，LAI Zhipeng

College of Urban Transportation and Logistics, Shenzhen Technology University，

Shenzhen  518118，China

Abstract:In order to improve the predictive accuracy of passenger flow scattering around urban subway network, a comprehensive trip impedance formula was established based on the trip impedance, waiting impedance and transfer impedance, etc. The calculation model of multi-path passenger flow scattering was formed based on comprehensive trip impedance, after the effective paths cluster was searched and filtered through the impedance formula, then the transfer penalty coefficient was set up to reasonably modify the passenger flow scattering with different routes. Taken the newly opened Line 11 of Shenzhen metro as a numerical example, the variation of passenger flow scattering in urban subway network is analyzed compared with the old ones of metro Line 1, Line 2, Line 3 and Line 5. The results show that the increase of the transfer passenger flow of each line with the newly opened Line 11 is different, and the passenger travel alternative paths are added. The centralization of population and jobs around Line 11 railway station lead to the passenger flow further increase at the Line 11, which is consistent with the actual operation of passenger flow characteristics, so the calculation model was verified in terms of validity and applicability.

Keywords:urban railway transit; travel impedance; metro network; passenger flow scattering; transfer penalty factor