汽车怠速工况下NVH性能衰减分析

李珊^1,2，徐传燕¹，许春晓¹，宫勋¹，孟丽雪¹

1.山东交通学院 汽车工程学院，山东 济南  250357;

2.山东超链智能科技有限公司，山东 济南  250101

摘要：为研究汽车高里程行驶下噪声、振动与声振粗糙度（noise,vibration,harshness，NVH）性能的衰减现象，以某运动型多用途汽车（sport utility vehicle,SUV)为研究对象，分析怠速工况下车内噪声及振动，基于全国100 000 km道路适应性试验，研究0、30 000、60 000、100 000 km 4个关键里程节点下驾驶员右耳处、右后乘客左耳处噪声声压级的变化特性以及方向盘、座椅导轨处的振动加速度变化特性。研究结果表明：怠速工况下，该车方向盘与座椅导轨处振动加速度均随行驶里程的增加而增大；车内噪声声压级随行驶里程的增加先升高后降低。本研究可为提高整车NVH性能提供参考。

关键词：汽车；怠速工况；NVH；性能衰减

Attenuation analysis of NVH performance under vehicle idle condition

LI Shan^1,2，XU Chuanyan¹，XU Chunxiao¹，GONG Xun¹，MENG Lixue¹

1.School of Automotive Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan 250357, China；

2.Shandong Superlink Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., Jinan 250101, China

Abstract:In view of the attenuation phenomenon of noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) performance for high mileage vehicles, the inside noise and vibration of a sport utility vehicle (SUV) are analyzed under vehicle idle condition. Based on the national road adaptability test with 100 000 km, the variation characteristic of the noise at the right ear of the driver and the left ear of the right rear passenger and the vibration acceleration at the steering wheel and seat rail are studied under the four critical mileage nodes of 0, 30 000, 60 000 and 100 000 km. The result show that under vehicle idle condition, the vibration acceleration of the steering wheel and seat rail increases, and the inside noise of test vehicle increases initially and decreases afterwards with the increase of driving distance. This paper can provide a basis for improving the NVH performance of vehicles.

Keywords:automobile；idle condition；NVH；performance attenuation

增压器Whoosh噪声抑制方法

张杰^1,3，荀亚敏^1,2，张海龙^1,3，曹虎^1,3

1.内燃机可靠性国家重点实验室，山东 潍坊  261061;

2.潍柴新能源科技有限公司新能源研究院，山东 潍坊  261061；

3.潍柴动力股份有限公司发动机研究院，山东 潍坊  261061

摘要：为降低柴油机增压器Whoosh噪声，分析噪声产生机理，通过发动机台架试验和整车试验验证增压器结构优化、进气管路增加消声器、进气系统标定策略优化对Whoosh噪声的抑制效果。结果表明：适当的压气机叶轮小径与大径之比可以抑制Whoosh噪声的产生；压气机端设计流量拓宽槽或者环形稳流槽能明显降低Whoosh噪声；进气管增加高频消声器能有效减弱Whoosh噪声；适当减缓进气节流阀的关闭速率对Whoosh噪声有明显改善效果。本研究可为有效降低增压器Whoosh噪声提供参考。

关键词：柴油机；增压器；Whoosh噪声；消声器

Control method of Whoosh noise of turbocharger

ZHANG Jie^1,3, XUN Yamin^1,2, ZHANG Hailong^1,3, CAO Hu^1,3

1.State Key Laboratory of Engine Reliability, Weifang 261061, China;

2.New Energy Research Institute, Weichai New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Weifang 261061,China；

3.Engine Research Institute, Weichai Power Co., Ltd., Weifang 261061,China

Abstract:To reduce the Whoosh noise of diesel turbocharger and analyze the mechanism of noise generation, the control effect of Whoosh noise is verified by optimizing the turbocharger structure, adding muffler to intake pipe and the calibration strategy optimization of intake system, via engine bench test and vehicle test. The experimental results show that the generation of Whoosh noise is controlled by appropriate ratio of small diameter to large diameter for compressor impeller. The Whoosh noise is significantly reduced by designing flow widening groove or annular groove stabilizing flow at compressor end. Adding muffler to intake pipe reduces Whoosh noise effectively. The closing rate of the intake throttle valve is slowed down appropriately, which can obviously improve the Whoosh noise. This paper provides reference for effectively reducing Whoosh noise of diesel turbocharger.

Keywords:diesel engine; turbocharger; Whoosh noise; muffler

重型柴油机凸轮及挺柱疲劳失效分析及优化设计

王刚^1,2，崔凯^1,2，陈广茂^1,2

1.内燃机可靠性国家重点实验室，山东 潍坊  261061；

2.潍柴动力股份有限公司，山东 潍坊  261061

摘要：针对某重型柴油机配气机构耐久试验后出现挺柱底面磨损及剥落的现象，分别采用金相分析、硬度分析等方法对挺柱进行物化分析，并利用正时阀系统动力学分析软件AVL Excite Timing Drive仿真计算凸轮与挺柱的接触应力。结果表明：挺柱材料及硬度符合设计要求，凸轮-挺柱接触应力过大是造成挺柱失效的主要原因。为最大限度保证挺柱底面与凸轮全宽接触，将挺柱底面直径由30.5 mm增大至36.8 mm。仿真计算和试验表明：进气凸轮与挺柱底面的接触应力由974.7 MPa降为706.0 MPa，排气凸轮与挺柱底面的接触应力由929.8 MPa降为745.0 MPa。对优化后的挺柱进行耐久试验，挺柱底面未出现不正常磨损及剥落现象，说明增大挺柱底面直径可以降低凸轮-挺柱的磨损。

关键词：重型柴油机；凸轮；挺柱；接触应力；磨损；剥落；疲劳失效

Fatigue failure analysis and optimization design of cam and tappet for heavy-duty diesel  engine

WANG Gang^1,2，CUI Kai^1,2，CHEN Guangmao^1,2

1.State Key Laboratory of Engine Reliability, Weifang 261061, China;

2.Weichai Power Co., Ltd., Weifang 261061, China

Abstract:In view of the phenomenon of wear and fatigue flaking on the bottom surface of the tappet after the durability test of valve timing system of a heavy-duty diesel engine, the physical and chemical analysis of the tappet are carried out by means of metallographic analysis and hardness analysis, and the contact stress between cam and tappet is simulated by software AVL Excite Timing Drive.The results shows that the material and hardness of tappet meet the design requirements, and the main reason of tappet failure is the excessive contact stress between cam and tappet. In order to maximize the full width contact between the bottom surface of the tappet and the cam, the bottom diameter of the tappet is increased from 30.5 mm to 36.8 mm. Simulation calculation and experimental verification shows that the contact stress between the intake cam and the bottom surface of the tappet decreases from 974.7 MPa to 706.0 MPa, and that between the exhaust cam and the bottom surface of the tappet decreases from 929.8 MPa to 745.0 MPa. Abnormal wear and fatigue flaking on the bottom surface of the tappet is not appear after the durability test of the optimized tappet, which indicates that increasing the bottom diameter of the tappet can reduce the wear between cam and tappet.

Keywords:heavy-duty diesel engine; cam; tappet;contact stress; wear;flaking; fatigue failure

极限运行工况下液罐双向流固耦合分析

蒋德飞，张竹林^*，邹彦冉

山东交通学院 汽车工程学院，济南  250357

摘要：为了分析液罐汽车在制动和转向2种极限运行工况下罐体的受力情况，以某液体运输车辆罐体为研究对象，构建罐体在不同充液比时的气液两相流模型，运用双向流固耦合方法系统分析罐体在2种极限运行工况下受到的液体晃动冲击力以及罐体内气液两相流的分布状态。研究结果表明：2种极限工况不同充液比情况下罐体应力的波动变化趋势相似，峰值应力分别出现在达极限制动工况后的0.07~0.12 s、极限转向工况后的0.05~0.1 s；罐体与防波板的最大应力出现在充液比为80%的转向工况，罐体的最大应力位于罐体筒体与前封头的连接处，防波板最大应力集中在防波板沿侧向加速度方向的上部区域，2处应力均小于许用极限应力，满足设计强度要求。本文采用的双向流固耦合分析方法可为运输车辆罐体结构设计提供参考依据。

关键词：双向流固耦合；流体体积模型；液体晃动；应力；结构强度；数值分析

Two-way fluid-solid coupling analysis of liquid tank under extreme operating conditions

JIANG Defei, ZHANG Zhulin^*, ZOU Yanran

School of Automotive Engineering，Shandong Jiaotong University，Jinan 250357，China

Abstract:In order to analyze the stress situation of the liquid tank truck under the limit conditions between braking and steering, gas-liquid two-phase flow model of tank for a liquid transport vehicle is built at different filling ratios. The impact force of liquid sloshing of tank and the distribution in gas-liquid two-phase flow are analyzed using two-way fluid-solid coupling method under two extreme operating conditions. The results show that the fluctuation trend of tank stress at different liquid filling ratio is similar under two conditions. The peak stress appears from 0.07 to 0.12 s under the limit braking condition and from 0.05 to 0.1 s under the limit steering condition.The maximum stress of the tank and the wave-proof plate appears when liquid filling ratio is 80% under the steering condition. The former is located at the connection between the cylinder and the front head of the tank, and the latter is concentrated in its upper part along the direction of lateral acceleration.The stresses at the two places are all less than the allowable limit stress, which meets the requirements of design strength. The two-way fluid-solid coupling analysis method provides a reference for the tank structure design of transport vehicle.

Keywords:two-way fluid-solid coupling; volume of fluid model; liquid sloshing; stress; structural strength; numerical analysis

突发事件下区域物流资源优化配置模型及算法

刘杰，张萌^*

山东交通学院 交通与物流工程学院，山东 济南  250357

摘要：为提升突发事件下应急物流的快速应对能力，提高物流资源配置效率，基于区域应急物流网络，提出突发事件下实现区域物流资源优化配置的直达路径配置策略、核心区域集散节点配置策略和混合调整配置策略3种调整策略。基于3种调整策略，以总运输时间最短为目标，构建突发事件下区域物流资源优化配置模型，结合模型决策变量的特点，运用改进免疫克隆算法进行求解，并通过实例对模型及算法进行验证。结果表明：模型及算法具有良好的适应性，可为区域物流资源的优化配置提供决策依据。

关键词：突发事件；区域物流资源；优化配置模型；改进免疫克隆算法

Model and algorithm of regional logistics resources optimization allocation under emergency events

LIU Jie，ZHANG Meng^*

School of Traffic and Logistics Engineering，Shandong Jiaotong University，Jinan 250357，China

Abstract: The optimal allocation of regional logistics resources plays an important role in improving the ability of rapid response to emergencies and improving the efficiency of logistics resources allocation. This paper proposed three adjust tactics for rapid response allocation of regional logistics resources based on regional logistics network. The three adjust tactics included direct path configuration tactic，core region transfer node configuration tactic and mix adjust configuration tactic. Considered adjust tactics，the optimization model of response allocation of regional logistics resources under emergency events was built with the objective function that total transportation time was minimal. The improved immune clonal selection algorithm was used to resolve this model. The real-world example was used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm. The result shows the strong adaptability of the model and algorithm which can provide reference for optimization allocation of regional logistics resources.

Keywords:emergency event; regional logistics resource; model of optimization allocation; improved immune clonal selection algorithm

基于客流的地铁网络节点重要度评价方法

徐敏

重庆公共运输职业学院, 重庆  402247

摘要：为定量分析地铁车站的重要性,建立考虑时间变化的网络节点评价模型,将地铁线路结构和始发站至目的站的客流数据分别抽象为物理网络和客流网络,分析2种网络对节点重要度的影响情况,进而给出基于客流的地铁网络节点重要度的定义和评价方法。利用该方法对成都地铁156个节点的重要度进行计算分析,结果表明:成都地铁网络中重要度排名前10的车站有省体育馆、中医大省医、火车南站、成都东客站、一品天下和文化宫6个换乘站,高新、金融城、孵化园和锦城广场4个中间站。通过不同攻击策略下网络测度指标的变化结果验证了评价方法的有效性。

关键词：地铁站;客流;地铁网络节点;节点重要度;物理网络

Evaluation method of node importance ofsubway network based on passenger flow

XU Min

Chongqing Vocational College of Public Transportation,Chongqing 402247,China

Abstract:In order to get the quantitative analysis of the importance of subway stations, a network evaluation model considering time variation is proposed when the structure of metro lines and OD data of passenger flow are abstracted into physical network and passenger flow network respectively. The influence of the two networks on the importance of nodes is analyzed, and the accurate definition and evaluation algorithm of the importance of nodes based on passenger flow are given. The importance of 156 nodes of Chengdu′s metro networks is calculated and analyzed using the method. The results show that the top 10 stations in Chengdu metro networks are six transfer stations, including Provincial Gymnasium, Provincial Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, South Railway Station, Chengdu East Railway Station, Yipintianxia and Cultural Palace, and four intermediate stations, including High-tech, Financial City, Incubation Park and Jincheng Square. The effectiveness of the evaluation method is verified by the change results of network measurement indexes by means of different attack strategies.

Keywords:subway station; passenger flow; subway network node; node importance; physical network

加入WTO以来中国航运业创新驱动发展效率的阶段性评估

胡荣荣，蒋元涛^*

上海海事大学，上海  201306

摘要：将加入WTO以来中国航运业的创新驱动发展历程划分为要素驱动、投资驱动和技术驱动3个阶段，采用以数据包络分析（data envelopment analysis, DEA）为主的非参数方法对创新驱动发展的3个阶段进行创新投入和产出效果的效率测度与阶段性比较，分析纯技术效率、规模效率、综合效率和规模报酬。评估结果发现：中国航运业3个发展阶段的创新驱动效果整体处于平稳状态，要素驱动阶段的创新效果最佳，投资驱动阶段的创新效率有所下降，技术驱动阶段的整体效果相对最差。评估结果可为提升中国航运业创新驱动发展效率的政策制定提供理论解释和决策依据。

关键词：创新驱动；航运业；DEA；效率评估

Staged evaluation of the efficiency of innovation-driven development of

China′s shipping industry since China′s accession to WTO

HU Rongrong，JIANG Yuantao^*

Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China

Abstract:The innovation-driven development process of China′s shipping industry since Chian′s accession to WTO is divided into three stages: factor-driven, investment-driven and technology-driven.The non-parametric method based on data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used to measure and compare the efficiency of innovation input and output effects in the three stages of innovation-driven development, and analyze pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency, comprehensive efficiency and return to scale.The research finds that, the innovation driving effect on the three evolutionary stages of the shipping industry is in a stable state as a whole, the innovation effect of the factor driving stage is the best, the innovation efficiency of the investment driving stage begin to decline, and the overall effect of the technology driving stage is the worst. Therefore, the efficiency of innovation-driven shows its periodic characteristics, which provides theoretical explanation and decision-making basis to enhance the effect of innovationdriven development measurement of shipping industry in the next stage.

Keywords:innovation-driven; shipping industry; DEA; efficiency evaluation

基于港产城融合发展的智慧物流平台搭建

陆新艺，吕信宏，刘华琼^*

山东交通学院 交通与物流工程学院，山东 济南  250357

摘要：为有效推进货运组织、仓储运输、供应链信息化等向平台化、智能化发展，以港产城物流贸易园区发展为主体，以智慧物流技术和新型基础设施建设为支撑，搭建物流公共信息平台-子功能平台-相关企业及物流节点（1+5+N）智慧物流协同平台。通过平台功能设计实现物流业运输、配送、信息服务等功能一体化,提高港产城货值落地比例,降低制造、物流等行业成本，重新塑造行业竞争力,提高政府行政管理能力。针对平台建设的风险性，提出相应规避措施。

关键词：港产城；新型基础设施；融合发展；智慧物流；平台搭建

Construction of smart logistics platform based on

the integrated development of port，industry and city

LU Xinyi，LÜ Xinhong，LIU Huaqiong^*

School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan 250357, China

Abstract:In order to effectively promote the freight organization, storage and transportation, and supply chain information to the platform and intelligent development, the logistics public information platform—sub-function platform—correlative corporation and “1+5+N” wisdom logistics collaborative platform is built, based on the development of fusion trade area in port, industry and city. The integration of transportation, distribution, information service and other functions are achieved through platform functional design to raise value landing ration, reduce industry cost of manufacturing and logistics, and improve industry competitiveness and government administrative capacity. Some measures to avoid the risk of platform construction are proposed.

Keywords:port，industry and city; new infrastructure; development of fusion; intelligent logistics; platform building

钢管混凝土桁梁桥顶推落梁方案比选及过程分析

奉思东^1,2，杨建平^1,2

1.中交第二航务工程局有限公司，湖北 武汉  430040；

2.长大桥梁建设施工技术交通行业重点实验室，湖北 武汉  430040

摘要：为分析中等跨径钢管混凝土桁梁桥在施工阶段的受力性能，根据结构参数，设计钢管混凝土桁架顶推施工和桥面板施工方案。采用MIDAS/Civil软件建立有限元模型，对4种顶推方案在顶推过程中各支点、节点及节点间最大主应力随施工过程的变化情况进行分析对比；根据钢管混凝土桁架、预制桥面板的安装步骤，以桁梁桥混凝土桥面板拉应力为施工控制因素，对比交替施工、支点位移、张拉纵向预应力对钢主桁、桥面板混凝土的影响。结果表明：空钢管桁架全长支撑顶推就位后浇筑管内混凝土方案、钢管混凝土桁架前置导梁全长支撑顶推方案为施工可行方案，综合墩顶纵向预应力束、支点位移法、墩顶延迟连接等桥面板安装方案有效减少了混凝土施工应力。

关键词：钢管混凝土桁梁；预制桥面板；施工方案对比；受力性能；顶推施工

Comparison and selection of scheme and process analysis of CFST

composite truss bridge using incremental launching construction

FENG Sidong^1,2, YANG Jianping^1,2

1. CCCC Second Harbor Engineering Company Ltd, Wuhan 430040, China；

2. Key Laboratory for Construction Technology of Long Span Bridges, Ministry of Transport, Wuhan 430040, China

Abstract:To analyze the mechanical performance of the mid-span concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) composite truss bridge during construction, CFST composite truss incremental launching construction and the concrete slab installation were designed according to the structural parameters. The FEA model was established by Midas Civil software, and the changes of the maximum principal stress of the fulcrums, joints, and chords between joints during the launching process of the four incremental launching cases (where in the case four is the most unfavorable solution, compared with the other three) were analyzed and compared. Taking the tensile stress of concrete slabs as the control factor, the effects of concrete slab casting sequence, prestressed tension, and support elevation on CFST truss and concrete slabs were compared. The comparison results indicate that, the scheme of pouring of concrete in the chords after full-length support and incremental launching of steel tubular truss, full-length support and incremental launching of CFST truss with launching nose are economically feasible construction schemes. The concrete slabs construction that comprehensively considered the sequence and methods effectively reduces the process stress.

Keywords: CFST truss; prefabricated concrete slab; comparison of construction schemes; mechanical performance; incremental launching construction

贝雷梁支架稳定性监测及预警

李梦晨¹,赵瑜隆^1*，董飞²，高培成³，赵之仲¹

1.山东交通学院 交通土建工程学院，山东 济南  250357；

2.上海市城市建设设计研究总院（集团）有限公司，上海  200120；

3.山东省路桥集团有限公司，山东 济南  250014

摘要：以某高速公路项目C匝道3^#桥第1孔的贝雷梁支架应用为背景，根据Midas数值模拟得到的位移图，设置支架变形监测点，并在相应位置安装9轴姿态角度传感器。通过对比传感器实时反馈的数据与数值模拟结果，验证传感器监测贝雷梁支架稳定性的可行性。根据规范设定角位移预警阈值，建立预警系统，实现贝雷梁支架失稳前预警。结果表明：传感器测得的角位移换算后得到的竖向变形接近数值模拟结果，利用传感器测量角位移监测贝雷梁稳定性，可实现失稳前预警。

关键词：贝雷梁；传感器；角位移；稳定性；预警阈值；预警系统

Stability monitoring and early warning for Beley beam bracket

LI Mengchen¹, ZHAO Yulong^1*，DONG Fei², GAO Peicheng³, ZHAO Zhizhong¹

1.School of Civil Transportation Engineering，Shandong Jiaotong University，Jinan 250357，China;

2. Shanghai Urban Construction Design & Research Institution Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200120, China;

3.Shandong Luqiao Group Co., Ltd., Jinan 250014, China

Abstract:Taking the application of the Beley beam bracket in the first hole of the C ramp 3^#bridge of a certain expressway project as the background, based on the displacement obtained from the numerical simulation in Midas software, the deformation monitoring points were set up and 9-axis attitude angle sensors were installed at the corresponding positions. By comparing the real-time data from the sensors with the results from numerical simulation, the feasibility of the sensor monitoring the stability of the Beley beam bracket was verified. The angular displacement warning threshold was set according to the standard, and the early warning system was established to predict the early warning before the instability of the bracket. The results show that, the vertical deformation obtained after the conversion of the angular displacement measured by the sensor is close to the numerical simulation results, and it is effective to use the sensor to measure the angular displacement to monitor the stability of the Beley beam and predict the early warning before the instability.

Keywords:Beley beam; sensor; angular displacement; stability; early warning threshold; early warning system

弃渣对秦巴山区某既有铁路桥的安全影响

王勇

中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司桥梁设计院，北京  102600

摘要：为分析河道漫滩区弃渣堆放对秦巴山区某城市跨河既有铁路桥安全性的影响，根据原水文资料、竣工图、勘测说明等材料，计算确定河道宽度被压缩、主槽流向发生变化、桥边界条件发生较大变化的既有桥现在的水文参数，校核该桥原设计水文参数，从水文、基础承载力两方面对修建护堤后的铁路桥进行安全分析，结果表明：桥梁高程满足规范要求，2处桥墩埋深不符合规范要求，存在安全隐患；桥墩基底承载力满足规范要求。

关键词：弃渣；既有铁路桥；水文；冲刷；基础承载力；安全

Safety effect of waste dump on the existing railway bridgelocated in Qinling-Daba mountains

WANG Yong

Bridge Design Department,China Railway Fifth Survey and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.，Beijing 102600，China

Abstract:In order to analyze the safety of an existing railway bridge which spans a river in Qinling-Daba mountains and how to affecte by the waste dump in the river shoal, the current hydrologic parameters of the existing bridge affected by the narrow river, the change of flow direction and the boundary conditions are calculated and checked. The safety analysis of railway bridge after embankment construction is made from hydrology and foundation bearing capacity. The results show that, the height of the bridge meets the requirements of the code, and the buried depth of two piers does not meet the requirements of the code,which leads to potential safety hazards.The bearing capacity of pier base meets the requirements of code.

Keywords:waste dump；existing railway bridge；hydrologic；scour；foundation bearing capacity；safety

预应力孔道压浆试验及浆体特性

刘聿锋¹，王晗²，沈佳³

1.山东省路桥集团有限公司，山东 济南  250021；

2．山东大学 齐鲁交通学院，山东 济南  250100；

3.山东交通学院 交通土建工程学院，山东 济南  250357

摘要：建立预应力波纹管实体模型，沿波纹管布置多组压力传感器与流量传感器，对预应力波纹管道进行压浆试验，测量压浆过程中的压力与流量，与实测数据进行比较分析，研究压力与流量沿波纹管轴向的变化趋势。试验数据表明：同一压浆压力下内部浆体的流量沿波纹管的轴向变化范围较小，可视为不变；压力沿波纹管轴向呈递减趋势，是由波纹管的沿程损失及局部损失导致。根据测试数据计算得到预应力波纹管在压浆时的沿程损失系数，推算出波纹管不同直径下的沿程损失。

关键词：桥梁工程；预应力孔道压浆；模型试验；沿程损失系数

Grouting test of prestressed duct and slurry characteristics

LIU Yufeng¹, WANG Han², SHEN Jia³

1. Shandong Luqiao Group Co., Ltd., Jinan 250021, China;

2. School of Qilu Transportation of Shandong University, Jinan 250100,China;

3. School of Civil Transportation Engineering，Shandong Jiaotong University，Jinan 250357，China

Abstract:The prestressed corrugated pipe entity model was established, and a groups of pressure sensor and the flow sensor were deployed along the corrugated pipes, the prestressed corrugated pipe grouting experiment was carried out. In the process of grouting, data pressure and flow data are collected. Through the analysis of measured data, the relationship between pressure and flow along the bellows was studied. The experimental data shows that the variation range of slurry flow along the longitudinal interior of the bellows under the same grouting pressure is small and can be regarded as constant. The pressure along the bellows shows a decreasing trend, and the reasons are analyzed as follows: the pressure change is caused by the loss along the bellows and the local loss. According to the test data, the loss coefficient of the prestressed bellows during grouting is obtained, and the loss coefficient of the bellows under different diameters and lengths is deduced.

Keywords:bridge engineering; prestressed channel grouting; model test；loss coefficient along the way

新型预拌流态固化土性能及回填施工工艺

刘成龙

中铁十四局集团有限公司,山东 济南  250014

摘要：为解决城市浅埋地下工程施工对环境影响大、安全风险高等问题，采用创新设计、理论分析、室内试验和工程示范相结合的方法，研发城市地下大空间安全施工关键技术，确保施工安全。以太原市姚村综合管廊工程为背景，研究新型预拌流态固化土的性能及配套施工工艺，设计预拌流态固化土的配合比试验，通过流态粉煤灰水泥土和固化剂试验，测试养护3、7、28 d和不同砂土质量比的试样无侧限抗压强度及固化土体的渗透率和体积收缩率，确定采用复合掺和料-激发剂掺配方式，确定矿渣水泥与固化剂的质量比为2︰1，水灰质量比为2︰1，坍落度满足工程需要的200 mm要求。工程实践证明：采用流态固化土回填已装配管节背后肥槽可满足快速、密实的设计要求，为城市地下综合管廊的快速回填提供借鉴经验。

关键词：综合管廊；新型预拌流态固化土；配合比试验；固化剂试验；快速回填

Characteristics and backfill technology ofnew type ready-mixed fluidized solidified soil

LIU Chenglong

China Railway 14th Bureau Group Co., Ltd, Jinan 250014, China

Abstract: In order to solve the problems associated with the effects of urban shallow underground engineering construction on the environment, high safety risks, etc., a combination of design innovation, theoretical analysis, indoor testing and engineering demonstration is adopted to develop key technologies for safe construction of large urban underground spaces to ensure the construction safety. Taking the Yaocun Comprehensive Pipe Gallery Project in Taiyuan City as the case study, the performance and supporting construction technology of the new ready-mixed fluidized solidified soil were studied, and the mix ratio test of the readymixed fluidized solidified soil was designed. Curing agent test, the unconfined compressive strength of the samples cured for 3, 7, 28 d and different sand-soil mass ratios, and the permeability and volume shrinkage of the solidified soil is tested. It is determined that the composite admixture-activator is a appropriate mixed method, meanwhile the mass ratio of slag cement and curing agent is 2:1, the water-cement ratio is 2:1, and the slump meets the requirement of the project of 200 mm. Engineering practice proves that, the solidified soil backfilling the fertilizer trough behind the assembled pipe joints can meet the requirements of fast and dense design, and the results can provide a reference experience for the rapid backfilling of urban underground comprehensive pipe corridors.

Keywords:comprehensive pipe gallery; new ready-mixed fluidized solidified soil; mix ratio test; curing agent test; fast backfilling