火花塞微孔喷氢对发动机燃烧及排放的影响

吴颖，庄远*

合肥工业大学汽车与交通工程学院，安徽合肥230009

摘要：在缸内直喷汽油机上加装氢气喷射系统，设计氢气射流引导结构，在火花塞上增加氢气喷射孔，使氢气富集到火花塞附近引燃混合气，实现稀薄混合气的快速燃烧，研究固定转速（1600 r/min）下，掺氢比φh分别为0、25%、30%、35%、40%、45%、50%和过量空气系数λ分别为1.0、1.1、1.2、1.3、1.4、1.5对汽油机稀燃特性与排放特性的影响。结果表明：稀燃模式下，掺氢能使缸压峰值升高，峰值相位提前；掺入少量氢气可以抵消稀燃导致的燃烧恶化的影响，使得不同热释放的燃烧持续时间明显缩短；φh为3.5%时，发动机循环变异系数降低到5%以下；不同λ时，排放中CO、HC的体积分数随φh增大而降低，但NOx的体积分数随φh增大而升高；与纯汽油模式相比，稀燃模式下掺氢,排放中CO的体积分数降幅小于0.1%，使NOx的体积分数明显降低。

关键词：火花塞；喷氢；稀薄燃烧

Effect of hydrogen injection through spark plug microporous on engine combustion and emissions

WU Ying， ZHUANG Yuan*

School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China

Abstract：A hydrogen jet guiding structure is designed and installed on a direct injection gasoline engine, a hydrogen injector with micro nozzle is added on the spark plug to enrich hydrogen near the spark plug and ignite the mixture, so as to accelerate the combustion of the lean mixture. The effects of hydrogen mixing ratio φh is 0, 2.5%, 3.0%, 3.5%, 4.0%, 4.5%, 5.0% and excess air coefficients λ is 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 13, 1.4, 1.5 at a fixed speed (1600 r/min) on lean mixture combustion characteristics and emission characteristics of gasoline engine are studied. The results show that in lean mixture combustion mode, hydrogen can increase the peak cylinder pressure and advance the peak phase; adding a small amount of hydrogen can shorten the combustion duration for different heat release. When φh is 3.5%, the coefficient of variation of engine cycle decreases to below 5%. The volume fraction of CO and HC is decreased with the increase of φh, the volume fraction of NOx is increased with the increase of φh. Compared with the pure gasoline mode, in lean mixture combustion mode the volume fraction of CO is decreased by less than 0.1%, and the volume fraction of NOx is decreased significantly.

Keywords:spark plug; hydrogen injection; lean mixture combustion

基于DoE的柴油机排气能量管理优化

陈栋栋1,2，彭丽娟1,2，李云华1,2, 张萍1,2， 陈静1,2

1.内燃机可靠性国家重点实验室，山东潍坊261061；2.潍柴动力股份有限公司，山东潍坊261061

摘要：以柴油机排气能量管理的优化开发为例，采用CAMEO软件，对试验设计（design of experiments, DoE）在柴油机排气能量管理中的应用进行研究。按照DoE流程， 设计覆盖全map的DoE点，建立排气能量模型并进行优化，进行5个典型工况的试验验证。结果表明，5个工况的模型优化与试验结果的偏差均在可接受范围内。DoE方法能够用较少的输入因子组合建立精确度较高的排放性能模型，大幅缩减试验样本容量，节省成本及标定时间。

关键词：柴油机；DoE；排气能量管理

Optimization of exhaust energy management for diesel engine based on DoE

CHEN Dongdong1,2， PENG Lijuan1,2， LI Yunhua1,2,

ZHANG Ping1,2， CHEN Jing1,2

1.State Key Laboratory of Engine Reliability, Weifang 261061, China; 2.Weichai Power Co., Ltd., Weifang 261061, China

Abstract：Taking the optimization of diesel engine exhaust energy management as an example, the application of design of experiments (DoE) in diesel engine exhaust energy management is studied by Cameo software. According to the DoE process, the DOE points covering the whole map are chosen, and the model is established and optimized, five typical working conditions are tested and used for validation. The results show that the deviations between the model optimization and the test results are acceptable. DoE method can build a more accurate emission performance model with less input factors, effectively reduce the test sample size, save cost and calibration time.

Keywords:diesel engine；DoE；exhaust energy management

涡轮增压器涡轮机端温度改善试验研究

李伟1，2，李国祥1*，刘莹2，李建平2，甄冠富2，张晓林2,3

1.山东大学能源与动力工程学院，山东济南250061；2.康跃科技股份有限公司，山东寿光262718；

3.机械工业内燃机增压系统重点实验室，山东寿光262718

摘要：为保证涡前温度升高时增压器的可靠性及寿命，设计涡轮机端增加喷油孔和减小涡轮壳与隔热罩接触宽度的优化方案，并进行增压器回热试验及工艺成本核算。结果表明：与原方案相比，优化后的增压器在转速为80 000 r/min时，润滑油流量增加118.6%以上；涡端密封环位置稳定运行温度由258.5~261.0 ℃降低到86.9~89.2 ℃；涡端浮动轴承位置稳定运行温度由 193.0~196.0 ℃降低到135.7~137.8 ℃；转速为80 000 r/min热停机时，涡端密封环位置最高回热温度由299.7 ℃降低到266.8 ℃，涡端浮动轴承位置最高回热温度由271.2 ℃降低到251.5 ℃；增加涡端喷油孔结构成本预计增加0.1元/件，具备工艺及成本实施可行性。

关键词：涡轮增压器；回热试验；涡端密封环；涡端浮动轴承；润滑油流量

Experimental study on temperature improvement at turbine end of turbocharger

LI Wei1，2, LI Guoxiang1*, LIU Ying2,

LI Jianping2, ZHEN Guanfu2, ZHANG Xiaolin2,3

1.School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China;2.Kangyue Technology Co., Ltd., Shouguang 262718, China;3.Key Laboratory of Turbocharging System of Machinery Industry, Shouguang 262718, China

Abstract：In order to improve the reliability of the turbocharger when the temperature before the turbine housing increases, a oil injection hole at the turbine end is designed, the contact width between the turbine housing and the heat shield is reduced.The turbocharger heat soak back test and process cost accounting are carried out.The results show that when the turbocharger runs at 80 000 r/min, the lubricating oil flow increases by more than 1186%, the stable operating temperature of the turbine end seal ring position decreases from 2585~2610 ℃ to 869~892 ℃, the stable operating temperature of the turbine end floating bearing position decreases from 1930~1960 ℃ to 1357~1378 ℃. The maximum heat soak back temperature of the seal ring at the turbine end decreases from 2997 ℃ to 2668 ℃ at 80 000 r/min for thermal stop,the maximum heat back soak temperature of the floating bearing at the turbine end decreases from 2712 ℃ to 2515 ℃. The estimated cost of adding injection hole at the turbine end will increase by 01 yuan/piece, which is feasible for process and cost implementation.

Keywords:turbocharger;heat soak back test;the sealing ring at the turbine end;the floating bearing at the turbine end; lubricating oil flow

基于Amesim的国五重型商用车NOx排放仿真分析

张涛1，2，王峰1，2，曹原1，2，陈玉杰1，2，王树森1，2，邬忠永1，2，丁保安1，2

1.内燃机可靠性国家重点实验室，山东潍坊261061；2.潍柴动力股份有限公司，山东潍坊261061

摘要：为降低国五车辆便携式排放检测系统（portable emission measurement system,PEMS）检测成本，结合国五阶段重型商用车尾气排放控制策略，在Amesim软件中搭建仿真计算模型；以测试路谱中环境温度、海拔、车速等数据与整车配置作为计算模型的输入，结合发动机台架万有数据、发动机后处理相关map等数据计算尾气中NOx排放，与PEMS设备实测数据进行对比，分析仿真模型的计算精度以及误差原因。结果表明：模型可以实现对国五阶段重型商用车尾气中NOx排放的仿真计算；车辆低速运行时，仿真结果受驾驶员驾驶习惯影响，模型计算NOx转化效率误差较大；车辆稳定运行时，该模型可实现NOx转化效率的趋势性预测。

关键词：重型商用车；控制策略；PEMS；NOx排放;Amesim

Simulation analysis of NOx emission of CHINA V heavy commercial vehicles based on Amesim

ZHANG Tao1,2, WANG Feng1,2, CAO Yuan1,2, CHEN Yujie1,2,

WANG Shusen1,2, WU Zhongyong1,2, DING Baoan1,2

1.State Key Laboratory of Engine Reliability, Weifang 261061,China;2.Weichai Power Co., Ltd., Weifang 261061,China

Abstract：In order to reduce the cost of the China V vehicle PEMS test, combining with the China V heavy commercial vehicle exhaust emission control strategy, a simulation model is built in the Amesim software.Taking the ambient temperature, altitude, vehicle speed and other data in the test road spectrum and the vehicle configuration as the input of the calculation model, combined with the engine bench universal data, engine postprocessing map and other data, the NOx emission in the exhaust gas is calculated. The accuracy and error of the model are analyzed according to the comparison between the measured data and the calculated data.The results show that it is feasible to simulate and calculate the NOx emissions of the China V heavy commercial vehicle. When the vehicle runs at low speed, the calculation error of the model is large because of the influence of drivers′ driving habits. The model can predict the trend of NOx emission when the vehicle runs stably.

Keywords:heavy commercial vehicle; control strategy; PEMS; NOx emissions;Amesim

车载动力电池包有限元分析及结构优化

刘娜1,2，高媛媛1，崔长青1，刘鹏1，王成诺1，刘永辉2,3

1.山东建筑大学机电工程学院，山东济南250101；2.运输车辆检测、诊断与维修技术交通行业重点实验室，山东济南250357；3.山东交通学院汽车工程学院，山东济南250357

摘要：为降低车载动力电池质量，优化设计2种电池包结构方案，综合运用有限元仿真、约束模态和静力学分析对电池包模型进行计算。结果表明：与原模型相比，方案一电池包质量减少8%，但1阶模态频率降低8 Hz；方案二电池包质量减少6%，1阶模态频率增加1 Hz，急转弯工况下最大应力减少17.66 MPa，最大变形减少0192 mm；方案二更有利于增加电池包的使用寿命。本研究可为电池包结构轻量化改进提供指导思路。

关键词：动力电池包；有限元分析；模态；结构优化

Finite element analysis and structure optimization of vehicle power battery pack

LIU Na1,2, GAO Yuanyuan1, CUI Changqing1，LIU Peng1, WANG Chengnuo1， LIU Yonghui2,3

1.School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China;2.Key Laboratory of Vehicle Detection and Diagnosis and Repair Technology of Transportation Industry, Jinan 250357, China;3.School of Automotive Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan 250357, China

Abstract：In order to reduce the quality of onboard power battery, two kinds of battery pack structure schemes are optimized. The battery pack model is calculated by finite element simulation, constrained modal analysis and static mechanical analysis. The results show that compared with the original pack, the overall weight reduction ratio of the battery packed in the first scheme is 8%, and the firstorder frequency is reduced by 8 Hz. In scheme 2, the overall weight reduction ratio of the battery packed is 6%, the firstorder frequency is increased by 1 Hz,the maximum stress in the ultimate condition is reduced by 17.66 MPa,and the maximum deformation is reduced by 0.192 mm . Scheme 2 is more beneficial to increase the life of the battery pack. The research can provide guidance for the improvement of battery pack structure lightweight.

Keywords:power battery pack; finite element analysis; mode; structure optimization

发动机气门座圈压装工艺研究

徐锦然1,2，杨建华1,2，侯潇帅1,2，张志成1,2

1.内燃机可靠性国家重点实验室，山东潍坊261061; 2.潍柴动力股份有限公司，山东潍坊261061

摘要：为提高气缸盖气门座圈压装质量，优化气门座圈压装工艺。以柴油发动机气门座圈的压装过程为切入点，分析气缸盖的底孔加工要求、气门座圈压装工装、压装驱动方式等，得到合理的气缸盖底孔直径、粗糙度、跳动及底孔倒角结构，设计能保证气门座圈与气门座圈底孔同轴度的压装工装，并采用伺服电缸驱动压装，监控压装过程质量。本研究为提高气门座圈压装质量及发动机工作的稳定性提供可行方案。

关键词：发动机；气门座圈；压装工艺

Study on press fitting process of engine valve seat insert

XU Jinran1,2， YANG Jianhua1,2， HOU Xiaoshuai1,2， ZHANG Zhicheng1,2

1.State Key Laboratory of Engine Reliability, Weifang 261061, China;2.Weichai Power Co., Ltd., Weifang 261061, China

Abstract：In order to improve the press fitting quality of cylinder head valve seat insert and optimize the press fitting process of valve seat insert. Taking the pressing process of valve seat insert of diesel engine as the breakthrough point, the processing requirements of bottom hole of cylinder head, pressing tooling of valve seat insert and pressing driving mode are analyzed. The reasonable diameter, roughness, runout and chamfering structure of bottom hole of cylinder head are obtained. The press fitting tooling which can ensure the coaxiality of the valve seat insert and the bottom hole of the valve seat insert are designed, and the servo electric cylinder is used to drive the press fitting to control the quality of the press fitting process. This study provides a feasible scheme for improving the press fitting quality of valve seat insert and the working stability of engine.

Keywords:engine；valve seat；press fitting process

基于IMC原理的天然气发动机氧闭环控制策略

卫阳飞1,2,徐帅卿1,2,郑群1,2, 赵晓1,2

1.内燃机可靠性国家重点实验室,山东潍坊261061; 2.潍柴动力股份有限公司发动机研究院,山东潍坊261061

摘要：为解决天然气发动机氧闭环系统中存在的时滞问题，提出基于内模控制（internal model control, IMC）原理的氧闭环控制策略，基于系统的鲁棒性对控制参数进行整定。建立基于传递函数的发动机物理模型并进行标定与验证，对控制策略进行GTPower与Simulink联合仿真验证、台架试验验证。仿真及试验结果表明：基于IMC的氧闭环控制策略能有效解决时滞导致的控制难题，且标定周期短、控制器的鲁棒性强，在数据失配20%时依然能够达到良好的控制效果。

关键词：天然气发动机；过量空气系数；氧闭环控制；IMC

Oxygen closeloop control strategy for natural gas engine based on IMC

WEI Yangfei1,2, XU Shuaiqing1,2, ZHENG Qun1,2, ZHAO Xiao1,2

1.State Key Laboratory of Engine Reliability, Weifang 261061,China;2.R&D Center, Weichai Power Co., Ltd., Weifang 261061,China

Abstract：In order to solve time delay problem of oxygen control for heavy duty nature gas engine, a oxygen control strategy based on internal model control(IMC) is developed and calibrated by parameters in consideration of control robustness, and the engine model based on transfer function is also built. The IMC control strategy model is simulated by using Simulink coupled with GTPower, and validated by experiments in test bench. Simulation and experiments indicate that IMC based oxygen closedloop control strategy is effectively for the control problem caused by time delay, and work for calibration is reduced. The system is more robust, even if 20% deviation occurs in the model, the system performances are quite well.

Keywords:natural gas engine; excess air coefficient; oxygen closeloop control; IMC

基于GPF前后温差的GPF载体缺失诊断方案

胡军义1，段伟2

1.泛亚汽车技术中心有限公司，上海201210；2.安徽水利水电职业技术学院，安徽合肥230071

摘要：根据排气通过汽油机颗粒捕集器（gasoline particulate filter，GPF）后温度发生变化的特性，设计一种基于GPF前、后端温差的GPF载体缺失诊断方案。在GPF的前端与后端各安装一个排气温度传感器，通过试验数据统计与分析，选取适当的诊断工况，通过比较诊断工况中2个位置的排气温度差异来判断GPF载体是否存在缺失故障。在实际道路上进一步验证诊断方案和故障限值，结果表明该诊断方案可以准确区分GPF载体正常件和载体缺失件。

关键词：温度传感器；汽油机颗粒捕捉器；诊断方案

Diagnosis strategy for GPF subtract missing based on temperature difference before and after GPF

HU Junyi1，DUAN Wei2

1.Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center Co., Ltd.， Shanghai 201210, China；2.Anhui Water Conservancy Technical College，Hefei 230071, China

Abstract：According to the characteristics of exhaust temperature changing after passing through the gasoline particulate filter (GPF), a GPF subtract missing diagnosis scheme based on the temperature difference between the front and back end of GPF is designed. Two exhaust temperature sensors are installed at the front end and the back end of the GPF respectively. Through the statistics and analysis of the test data, the appropriate diagnosis condition is selected, and the exhaust temperature difference between the two positions in this condition is compared to judge whether the GPF carrier is missing. The results show that the diagnosis scheme can accurately distinguish the normal parts and the missing parts.

Keywords:temperature sensor;GPF;diagnostic strategy

活塞参数对天然气发动机怠速工况机油消耗的影响

宋树峰，王国华*，付强，郭金朋，王友然

滨州渤海活塞有限公司，山东滨州256602

摘要：为解决某工程机械用天然气发动机热机试验中怠速工况机油消耗偏高的问题，分析活塞组件机油消耗产生的原因，通过有限元分析得到活塞温度场边界条件，利用动力学软件建立活塞与活塞环组的动力学模型，设计5种活塞优化方案并计算不同方案下活塞摆角及机油消耗，得到最优方案，并通过台架试验验证计算结果。结果表明：优化活塞裙部型线、调整销孔偏心、减小配缸间隙、降低活塞环及环槽粗糙度可以降低发动机在怠速工况时的机油消耗，优化后整机机油消耗降低了17.93 g/h。该研究可以为天然气发动机活塞的优化设计提供参考。

关键词：天然气发动机；活塞参数；机油消耗量；怠速

Influence of piston parameters on engine oil consumption of natural gas engine under idle condition

SONG Shufeng, WANG Guohua*, FU Qiang, GUO Jinpeng, WANG Youran

Binzhou Bohai Piston Co.,Ltd., Binzhou 256602,China

Abstract：To solve the high engine oil consumption problem of a natural gas engine under idle conditions in the engine test，the causes of oil consumption of piston assembly are analyzed,the piston temperature field and boundary conditions are obtained by finite element analysis.A dynamic model of piston and piston ring group is established using dynamics analysis software, and 5 kinds of optimization scheme are designed. The pendulum angle and the engine oil consumption are calculated,the optimal scheme is obtained,and the results are validated by bench test.The results show that the engine oil consumption of the engine at idle speed can be reduced by optimizing the piston skirt profile, adjusting the eccentricity of the pin hole ,reducing cylinder clearance ,reducing piston ring and ring groove roughness.The engine oil consumption of the whole machine is reduced by 17.93 g/h after optimization.The study can provide reference for the optimal design of natural gas engine piston.

Keywords:natural gas engine; piston parameter; engine oil consumption;idle speed

Cu基和非Cu基钎焊不锈钢机油冷却器对比分析

蒋剑雄1,孟祥晨1,王典汪2

1.潍柴动力股份有限公司，山东潍坊261000；2.浙江银轮机械股份有限公司，浙江天台317200

摘要：对比分析Cu基钎焊不锈钢机油冷却器和非Cu基钎焊不锈钢机油冷却器材料的力学性能和传热性能，试验分析Cu基和非Cu基钎焊不锈钢机油冷却器的换热性和可靠性，并对不同钎焊材料的机油冷却器的制造工艺、经济性和市场应用进行分析。结果表明：Cu基钎焊不锈钢机油冷却器的力学性能、传热性能、可靠性、工艺性、经济性及市场应用均优于非Cu基钎焊不锈钢机油冷却器。该对比分析可以为内燃机用机油冷却器设计提供参考。

关键词：不锈钢机油冷却器；Cu基；非Cu基；性能对比

Comparative analysis of copperbased and noncopperbased brazed

stainless steel oil cooler

JIANG Jianxiong1, MENG Xiangchen1, WANG Dianwang2

1.Weichai Power Co.,Ltd.，Weifang 261061,China; 2.Zhejiang Yinlun Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Tiantai 317200,China

Abstract：A comparative analysis on the mechanical and heat transfer properties is made between copperbased brazed oil cooler and noncopperbased brazed oil cooler. The heat transfer performance and reliability of them are analyzed through experiments. The manufacturing process, economy and market application of the oil cooler with different brazed materials are also analyzed. The results show that copperbased brazed oil cooler is superior to noncopperbased brazed oil cooler in mechanical property, heat transfer property, reliability, process property, economy and market application, which provides a certain reference for the design of oil cooler for internal combustion engine.

Keywords:stainless steel oil cooler;copperbased; noncopperbased；performance

静音发电机组吊装结构分析及优化

殷治梅1,2, 孙勇2, 仇海龙2, 吴宁宁2

1.内燃机可靠性国家重点实验室，山东潍坊261061；2.潍柴重机股份有限公司，山东潍坊261061

摘要：在保证吊装安全的前提下，对静音发电机组的吊装结构进行轻量化改进设计。将2组吊装横梁、4个吊耳的吊装结构优化升级为1组吊装横梁、2个吊耳的吊装结构；通过理论计算选择最佳吊耳厚度，利用仿真软件Abaqus进行可靠性及偏移量建模仿真，对优化后的静音发电机组吊装结构进行起吊试验验证。试验结果表明，优化后吊装结构的强度及机组的平衡性满足起吊要求。优化后的吊装结构安全可靠，减轻了质量，降低了制造成本，提高了产品竞争力。

关键词：静音发电机组；吊装结构；吊耳；仿真分析及优化

Analysis and optimization on lifting structure of silent generator set

YIN Zhimei1,2, SUN Yong1,2, QIU Hailong2, WU Ningning2

1.State Key Laboratory of Engine Reliability, Weifang 261061, China; 2.Weichai Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd., Weifang 261018, China

Abstract： Considering the basic safety of hoisting, the lifting structure of the silent generator set is improved by lightweight design. The lifting structure of 2 groups lifting beams and 4 lifting lugs is optimized and upgraded to 1 group of lifting beams and 2 lifting lugs. The optimal lifting lug thickness is selected through theoretical calculation, and the reliability and offset are simulated by Abaqus. The lifting test is also carried out to verify the optimized lifting structure of silent generator set. The test results show that the strength of the optimized lifting structure and the balance of the unit meet the lifting requirements. The optimized hoisting structure is safe and reliable, which not only reduces the weight and manufacturing cost, but also helps to improve the product competitiveness.

Keywords:silent generator set; lifting structure; lifting lug; simulation analysis and optimization

压燃式航空活塞发动机对飞机振动的影响

熊俊1，2，吴凡1，2，刘鑫1，2，曾锐1，2

1.中电科芜湖钻石飞机制造有限公司，安徽芜湖241000；2.中电科芜湖通用航空产业技术研究院有限公司，安徽芜湖241000

摘要：针对飞机适航规章无法用于指导压燃式航空活塞发动机安装的适航审定问题，对相关适航规章及行业标准进行分析与探讨，采用有限元方法分析振动对飞机结构与系统安装强度的影响，对正常与故障模式下压燃式航空活塞发动机的起停循环振动影响进行地面与飞行测试。结果表明：安装压燃式航空活塞发动机不会对小型通用飞机的安全造成不利影响。

关键词：压燃式；活塞发动机；螺旋桨；通用飞机；振动试验

Influence of compression ignition aviation piston engine on aircraft vibration

XIONG Jun1，2, WU Fan1，2, LIU Xin1，2, ZENG Rui1，2

1.CETCD Wuhu Diamond Aircraft Manufacture Co., Ltd.,Wuhu 241000,China；2.CETCD Wuhu General Aviation Industry Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd.,Wuhu 241000,China

Abstract：The current airworthiness regulations,which cannot be used to guide the airworthiness certification for the installation of compressionignition aviation piston engine,are analyzed and discussed. The finite element method is used to analyze the vibration of the aircraft structure, as well as the impact of the installation strength of the system.The ground and flight tests are carried out on the effects of the startstop cycle vibration of the compressionignition aviation piston engine under normal and failure modes. The results show that the installation of compressionignition aviation piston engines will not cause adverse safety effects on small general aircraft.

Keywords:compression ignition; piston engine；propeller; general aircraft; vibration test

基于温度和压力的柴油机润滑油黏度在线预测

冯海娣1，刘军1，孙楠楠2，陈秀明1，于云1，孙启航1

1.潍柴动力股份有限公司，山东潍坊261061;2.潍柴重机股份有限公司，山东潍坊261108

摘要：为解决目前润滑油黏度检测离线采样不便、检测周期长、不能及时有效反映润滑油使用状况等问题，提出基于润滑油温度和压力的润滑油黏度在线估计模型。通过研究润滑油黏度与压力、黏度与温度的变化关系，发现在发动机怠速工况、润滑油温为80～100 ℃时，润滑油黏度和温度近似呈线性关系。建立怠速工况、油温为80～100 ℃时的润滑油黏度线性在线估计模型，并通过试验对模型进行验证，润滑油在线估计黏度与离线采样测量之间的相对误差小于5%，满足精度要求。

关键词：润滑油；黏度；在线检测

On-line prediction of viscosity of diesel engine lubricating oil based on oil temperature and pressure

FENG Haidi1, LIU Jun1, SUN Nannan2,CHEN Xiuming1, YU Yun1, SUN Qihang1

1.Weichai Power Co.,Ltd., Weifang 261061, China；2.Weichai Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd., Weifang 261108, China

Abstract：In order to solve the problems of inconvenient sampling, long detection period and unable to reflect the use status of lubricating oil timely and effectively, an online viscosity prediction model based on temperature and pressure of lubricating oil is proposed. There is a linear relationship between the viscosity and temperature of lubricating oil when the engine idles and the lubricating oil temperature is 80~100 ℃ by studying the relationship between viscosity and pressure, viscosity and temperature. The linear online estimation model of lubricating oil viscosity is established under idle condition and oil temperature of 80~100 ℃. The experimental results show that the error between estimated viscosity and offline sampling measurement is less than 5%, which meets the accuracy requirements.

Keywords:lubricating oil; oil viscosity; online prediction

基于遗传算法的爆震传感器诊断标定优化

王静，钟建伟

泛亚汽车技术中心有限公司，上海201201

摘要：为提升发动机爆震传感器性能诊断的可靠性，建立爆震传感器性能诊断结果判定的概率计算模型，以每100万次诊断中误诊断的次数为目标函数，采用遗传算法对标定参数进行优化。应用该方法对某发动机爆震传感器性能诊断标定进行优化，结果表明，遗传算法在标定中可以获得较好的效果，可为其他标定研究提供借鉴方法和参考。

关键词：爆震传感器；遗传算法；诊断；标定

Optimization of diagnosis calibration of knock sensor based on genetic algorithm

WANG Jing, ZHONG Jianwei

Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201201, China

Abstract：In order to optimize the diagnosis reliability of engine knock sensor, a probabilistic calculation model of knock sensor performance diagnosis is established. The optimization based on the genetic algorithm used the number of misdiagnosis per million times of diagnosis as the objective function. This method applied to a engine knock sensor diagnostic calibration. The results show that this method performs quite well, which provides a valuable method for calibration development.

Keywords:knock sensor; genetic algorithm; diagnosis; calibration

发动机齿轮系优化

于健1,2，王飞1,2，何盛强1,2，王志秀1,2

1.内燃机可靠性国家重点实验室,山东潍坊261061；2.潍柴动力股份有限公司,山东潍坊261061

摘要：为消除发动机齿轮啸叫噪声，采用AVLExcite Power Unit软件搭建齿轮系动力学模型，通过动力学计算，得到轴承受力的时域曲线，对时域曲线进行傅里叶变换，得到频域曲线，通过不同阶次的力分析齿轮宏观参数和齿轮修型对啸叫的影响，并对齿轮系进行优化。结果表明，加大重合度和适当的齿向齿廓修型可以有效降低齿轮啸叫风险。

关键词：齿轮系;啸叫;动力学；AVLExcite Power Unit

Optimization of gear system of an engine

YU Jian1,2, WANG Fei1,2, HE Shengqiang1,2, WANG Zhixiu1,2

1.State Key Laboratory of Engine Reliability, Weifang 261061, China;2.Weichai Power Co., Ltd., Weifang 261061, China

Abstract：In order to eliminate engine gear whistle, AVLExcite Power Unit software is used to build the gear system dynamics model, and the bearing load curves are obtained by dynamics calculation. Fourier transform is employed to transfer the timedomain curve to the frequencydomain curve. The influence of gear macro parameters and gear modification on whistling through the force of different orders are analyzed, and the gear system is optimized. The results show that the risk of gear whistling can be effectively reduced by increasing the coincidence degree and proper tooth profile modification.

Keywords:gear system; whistle; dynamics; AVLExcite Power Unit

海水泵泵轴腐蚀分析与改进

张培杰，董方龙，任利东，张志权，刘井年，张金芳

潍柴动力股份有限公司，山东潍坊261061

摘要：为解决船用海水泵漏水、不上水故障，拆检海水泵，发现泵轴表面严重腐蚀、剥落，造成海水泵叶轮脱落、泵轴密封失效。对故障海水泵泵轴进行电镜分析、能谱分析、金相分析，确定泵轴腐蚀原因为3Cr13与退火状态下耐海水腐蚀能力较弱；选取5组耐海水腐蚀材料进行对比分析,选取固溶、620 ℃时效处理的05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb与退火状态3Cr13进行盐雾、海水浸泡试验对比。试验结果表明：05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb 耐海水腐蚀能力远高于3Cr13，可以满足海水泵使用工况。经过10个月的市场验证，未出现海水泵漏水、不上水故障。

关键词：海水泵；泵轴；3Cr13；05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb；腐蚀

Corrosion analysis of seawater pump shaft and its improvement

ZHANG Peijie, DONG Fanglong， REN Lidong，ZHANG Zhiquan， LIU Jingnian， ZHANG Jinfang

Weichai Power Co., Ltd., Weifang 261061, China

Abstract： In order to solve the problem of leakage and water supply interruption of marine seawater pump, the seawater pump is disassembled and inspected. It is found that the surface of the pump shaft is seriously corroded and peeled off, resulting in the impeller falling off and the seal failure of the pump shaft. The failure of seawater pump shaft is analyzed by electron microscope, energy spectrum analysis and metallographic analysis. It is found that 3Cr13 has weak seawater corrosion resistance under annealing condition. Five groups of seawater corrosionresistant materials are selected for comparative analysis. 3Cr13 in annealed state is compared with 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb in salt spray and seawater immersion tests. The test results show that 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb has much higher seawater corrosion resistance than 3Cr13, which can meet the service conditions of seawater pump. After 10 months of market verification, there is no leakage and no water supply fault of seawater pump.

Keywords:seawater pump; pump shaft; 3Cr13; 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb; corrosion